The aim of this research is to produce a set of PISA-like mathematics task with Indonesia natural and cultural heritage as a context which is valid, practical, to assess students' math literacy. This design research using a type of development research with formative evaluation. A total of 20 students of SMP Negeri 1 Palembang. Besides, ten experts were involved in this research to assess the feasibility of prototyping regarding content, context, and language. Walkthrough, documentation, questionnaire, test result and interviews are way to collect the data. This research produced a PISA-like math task is like many 12 categories of content, context, and process valid, practical and had a potential effect. The validity came empirical evaluation of validation and reliability testing of the small group. From the field test, we conclude that the tasks also potentially impact to the students' mathematical literacy in activating the indicators of each Fundamental Mathematical Capabilities. AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan soal PISA dengan konteks warisan alam dan budaya Indonesia yang valid dan praktis untuk menilai kemampuan literasi siswa. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian design research dengan tipe development research. Penelitian ini menggunakan alur formative evaluation. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Palembang. Disamping itu, terdapat 10 dosen ahli yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini, baik dari dalam maupun luar negeri. Para ahli tersebut menilai kelayakan soal dari segi konten, konteks, dan bahasa. Proses pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan cara walk through, documentation, questionnaire, test result, dan interviews. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas soal dilakukan pada tahap small group. Pada tahap field test, diperoleh bahwa soal PISA dengan konteks warisan alam dan budaya Indonesia mampu memunculkan kemampuan literasi siswa berupa kemampuan dasar matematika.

Reflective thinking is known as assessing what they know, what they need to know, and how they bridge that gap during learning situations. Relating what students knew with what they learn today is not easy, sometimes they forget or just cannot make a connection between it. This study will analyze how the students actively participating in reflective thinking by creating project-based learning on statistics lesson based on design research. Thirty-nine engineering students, in a group of four, were asked to make their own data, analyze and transfer it into a poster to inform the readers about the use of statistics in daily life. This study used the measurement of reflective thinking scales by Kember to analyze students answer through the worksheet and instructional activity. The instructional activity succeeds to reveals students thinking of all four skills; habitual action, understanding, reflection, and critical reflection. Furthermore, it also discovered the misuse of some terms when used in daily life.

The goal of this research produces a set of HOT mathematics tasks with Indonesian heritage as a context that is valid and practical to assess the mathematical literacy of students in primary school. The participants of the study were 120 students in primary school. The data was collected through documentation, questionnaire, test result, and interviews. This is design research using a type of development research with formative evaluation. The mathematics task not only reviewed by 7 experts, who assess the context, content, and language of prototype but also beyond empirical evaluation of validation and reliability testing. The field test result showed that the HOT mathematics task has a potential effect on the mathematical literacy of primary school students.

Weight measurement mathematics was an important material for weighing objects in everyday life. Based on the resulted of observations of students' scores on weight measurement 58% did not reach the KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria). This study aim to (1) developing Minitim Kabar media for 2nd grade; (2) knowing the feasibility of “Minitim Kabar" media; (3) knowing the increased in cognitive learning outcomes measuring weight in Class II SD students. This research was R&D which includes 10 steps in research which include: research potentials and problems, design data, design validation, revision design, product testing, product revision, usage testing, product revision, product production. The expert tested subjects in this study were the media expert validator and the material expert validator, while the tested subjects were 6 students in the media trial and 9 students in the product trial. Data tested techniques using interviews, observation, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique used quantitative data analysis techniques and qualitative data analysis. The resulted of this study indicate that the mini media had a high level of validity and attractiveness. The resulted of the validation of material experts were 92.3%, the resulted of the validation of media experts were 87.5%, and the proportion of student questionnaire responses was 100%. The increase in students' cognitive learning outcomes was 45.06. The N-gain test result of 0.65 was at a moderate level. Thus, the Minitim Kabar media was suitable for used as a thematic learning media to improve cognitive learning outcomes in 2nd grade on weight measurement matters.

High Order Thinking Skill atau HOTS merupakan suatu kemampuan yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap siswa untuk menghadapi perkembangan abad 21. HOTS meliputi kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa sekolah dasar melalui soal HOTS yang telah dirancang secara valid dan praktis. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 120 siswa kelas 6 dari sekolah dasar yang berbeda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan materi dengan menggunakan evaluasi formatif. Data didapatkan melalui kajian pustaka terkait dengan pengembangan HOTS, kemampuan literal siswa, pengembangan soal PISA, dan penelitian tentang pengembangan soal matematika berbasis HOTS sebelumnya yang relevan. Penelitian ini mengembangkan soal HOTS yang divalidasi oleh 7 ahli dan guru matematika. Selain itu, soal juga divalidasi secara empiris melalui tes reliabilitas dan validitas. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan paket soal HOTS yang didesain untuk meningkatkan kemampuan matematika siswa.