Using binary mixtures {x water + (1‐x) carbinol} and {x water + (1‐x) ethanol} as solvents for the precursor solutions, Al‐doped ZnO films are synthesized by cold‐wall, aerosol‐assisted (AA)CVD. The behavior of aerosol droplets influenced by H2O content in the precursor solution is discussed. It is found that as H2O content increases, the coagulation of the droplets is promoted by an increase in both the surface tension of the precursor solution and initial droplet mass. The coagulation reduces the amount of usable reactants that deposit on the substrate. As a result, the film thickness decreases with the increase in surface tension of the precursor solution and initial droplet mass. Transmittances in the visible range are also reduced by those micrometer‐sized grains that precipitate from large coagulate droplets. Film cannot be synthesized once the surface tension of the precursor solution exceeds 25.00 × 10−3 N · m−1 and the initial droplet mass exceeds 4.474 × 10−15 kg in both systems {x water + (1‐x) carbinol} and {x water + (1‐x) ethanol}.

No abstract

No abstract

By using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, the weight coefficient of evaluation system for low-carbon industrial park has been analyzed. The structure model and model matrix have been established. Combined with specialist suggestions, using calculation equations, the scores of the weight coefficient of evaluation system have been analyzed and determined. Finally a set of allocation scheme is developed reasonably and an evaluation standard for low-carbon industrial park is finished. Energy utilization and GHG management, recycle economic and environmental protection, financial security mechanism and application of planning are chosen as the criterion layer. The standard can be used as a guide to promote the supervision of low-carbon development for industrial parks in China.

The limestone collected from the Ji county of Tianjin was investigated in this study. The characterization of the limestone dissolution in wet FGD system is carried out by sulfuric acid titration. The results indicate that A lower PH value is benefit for the limestone dissolution, which causes high dissolution rate within short time. Smaller particle size results in higher dissolution rate. The addition of inorganic salt and organic acid significantly affect the limestone dissolution. The limestone dissolution rate increases with the increase of organic acid concentration. In all the inorganic salt, it is obvious that Na+ has an positive effect while CI- plays a negative role on the limestone dissolution. However, the addition of composite additive of adipic acid plus MgO to the limestone slurry is greatly better than using the adipic acid or MgO only.