With the continuous renewal of text classification rules, text classifiers need more powerful generalization ability to process the datasets with new text categories or small training samples. In this paper, we propose a text classification framework under insufficient training sample conditions. In the framework, we first quantify the texts by a character-level convolutional neural network and input the textual features into an adversarial network and a classifier, respectively. Then, we use the real textual features to train a generator and a discriminator so as to make the distribution of generated data consistent with that of real data. Finally, the classifier is cooperatively trained by real data and generated data. Extensive experimental validation on four public datasets demonstrates that our method significantly performs better than the comparative methods.

Piperlongumine (PL), a natural alkaloid from Piper longum L., possesses the highly selective and effective anticancer property. However, the effect of PL on ovarian cancer cells is still unknown. In this study, we firstly demonstrate that PL selectively inhibited cell growth of human ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, PL notably induced cell apoptosis, G2/M phase arrest, and accumulation of the intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Pretreatment with antioxidant N-acety-L-cysteine could totally reverse the PL-induced ROS accumulation and cell apoptosis. In addition, low dose of PL/cisplatin or paclitaxel combination therapies had a synergistic antigrowth effect on human ovarian cancer cells. Collectively, our study provides new therapeutic potential of PL on human ovarian cancer.

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is expressed on activated T cells, natural killer cells or B cells, and functions to negatively regulate homeostasis of these cells. Anti-LAG-3 antibodies might be useful for antitumor immunotherapy. In this study, we characterized a novel anti-LAG-3 antibody, LBL-007, which was isolated from a human antibody phage display library. LBL-007 was found to specifically bind to human LAG-3 antigen, but not to human CD4 or mouse LAG-3. LBL-007 bound activated T cells and promoted interleukin-2 secretion. LBL-007 internalization efficacy by endocytosis into different cells was better than that of another anti-LAG-3 antibody, relatlimab analog. Moreover, LBL-007 was able to block LAG-3 binding to MHC class II molecules and liver sinusoidal endothelial cell lectin, and block LAG-3-induced downstream signaling. In mice transplanted with colorectal cancer cells, treatment with either anti-PD-1 antibody or LBL-007 (10 mg/kg per mouse twice a week for three weeks) resulted in a significant delay in tumor growth compared with control IgG treatment, and their combination was even more effective. Serum LBL-007 levels were highly stable in monkeys after a single intravenous injection of LBL-007 at 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg. This study demonstrated that the combination of LBL-007 with an anti-PD-1 antibody is a promising antitumor regimen for immunotherapy of solid tumors in future that deserves further study.

Overexpression of drug efflux transport ABCB1 is correlated with multidrug resistance (MDR) among cancer cells. Upregulation of ABCB1 accounts for the recurrence of resistance to docetaxel therapy in ovarian cancer with poor survival. Erastin is a novel and specific small molecule that targets SLC7A11 to induce ferroptosis. In the present research, we explored the synergistic effect of erastin and docetaxel in ovarian cancer. We confirmed that the co-delivery of erastin with docetaxel significantly decreased cell viability, promoted cell apoptosis, and induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M in ovarian cancer cells with ABCB1 overexpression. Mechanistically, erastin dominantly elevated the intracellular ABCB1 substrate levels by restricting the drug-efflux activity of ABCB1 without alteration of the expression of ABCB1. Consequently, erastin can reverse ABCB1-mediated docetaxel resistance in ovarian cancer, revealing that the combination of erastin and docetaxel may potentially offer an effective administration for chemo-resistant patients suffering from ovarian cancers.

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