Gelation-like protein hydrolysates from scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) male gonad (SMG) were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis using neutrase. Functional properties of SMG hydrolysates (SMGHs) with different degree of hydrolysis (DH: 4.94, 6.84, 7.53 and 11.86%, respectively) were evaluated with the objective to investigate the relations between hydrolysis characteristics and functionalities. The results showed that hydrolysis with neutrase improved the gelation property, solubility, waterholding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), and surface hydrophobicity (SH), but not foaming capacity (FC) of SMG. The SMGHs at high DH (11.86%) showed better gelation property and solubility than that at low DH (4.94-7.53%). However, the maximum values of WHC, OHC, and SH of SMGHs were found at DH of 4.94%, significantly higher than (p \ 0.05) or equivalent to (p [ 0.05) that of soy protein isolate (SPI) for WHC and OHC. Emulsifying capacity of SMGHs is independent of DH, but restricted by pH environment. The emulsifying activity index of all SMGHs was significantly higher than that of SPI in pH 5 (p \ 0.05) and slightly higher than or equivalent to that of SPI in pH 7. Meanwhile, SMG and SMGHs were abundant in glycine, lysine, alanine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid, containing all the essential amino acids (41.63-42.90% of the total amino acids). These results imply that SMGHs might be utilized as multifunctional and nutritive ingredients in food industry.

Sensitive and precise determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) is of great significance for human health due to its high risk in trace amounts. Solid-state artificial nanochannels are expected to be highly promising sensing devices owing to singlemolecule sensitivity, target-specific selectivity, and portability. Herein, we report an aptamer self-assembly-functionalized artificial nanochannel-based sensor for highly sensitive and precise determination of CAP. Aptamer self-assembly (AAs) served as the specific recognition component and were in situ grown on the surface of stable anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanochannels to develop an AAs@AAO nanochannel-based sensor. Selective interaction with CAP led to the disassembly of AAs and sensitive current change of AAs@AAO nanochannels, allowing sensitive and precise sensing of CAP in complex food samples. The developed AAs@AAO nanochannel-based sensor showed a wide linear range from 0.32 to 1600 pg. mL −1 , low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 pg. mL −1 , high precision with relative standard deviation of 2.9%, and quantitative recoveries of 93.4−102.2% for CAP in milk, milk powder, and honey samples. This work proposes a versatile nanochannel-based platform for facile, sensitive, and precise sensing of hazardous residues in food samples.

Grafting specific recognition moieties onto solid-state nanofluidic channels is a promising way for selective and sensitive sensing of analytes. However, the time-consuming interaction between recognition moieties and analytes is the main hindrance to the application of nanofluidic channel-based sensors in rapid detection. Here, we show the integration of ordered twodimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) to solid-state nanofluidic channels to achieve rapid, selective, and sensitive detection of contaminants. As a proof of concept, a thiourea-linked 2D COF (JNU-3) as the recognition unit is covalently bonded on the stable artificial anodic aluminum oxide nanochannels