Sanchezia nobilis Hook.F. is being paid attention and studied in a lot of different ways. The research of Abu Shuaib Rafshanjani and partners about the evaluation of the safety of Brine shrimp lethality bioassay method on n-hexane and ethylacetate segments, the results showed that both segments were safer than vincristine sulphate. 1 With antimicrobial, antifungal and insecticidal testing by diffusion on agar plates with 15 strains of Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria; 6 strains of fungus and insects Tribolium castaleum was not as good as comparison antibiotics. 2 Mohammad javad Paydar and co-worker have tried the antioxidant effect by Oxygen Radical Antioxidant Capacity (ORAC) method, the results were nearly equal to Quercetin and anti-cancer on methanolic segment from Sanchezia speciosa extract on MCF-7, SK-MEL-5, HUVEC giving the best results on CMF-7 cell lines, the anti-cancer effect on Hela cells from the roots of Sanchezia nobilis produced good results by MTT of Nusrat Shaheen and co-worker. 3,4 Research on the antioxidant effect of DPPH and anti-inflammatory by inhibition of albumine denaturation assay method by Bui Thanh Tung and partners gave positive results. 5 Some new claims showing that Sanchezia nobilis Hook.F. contains a number of substance groups such as flavonoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, alkaloids, steroids, phenolic, saponins and tannins. Some specific substances were isolated such as 5 matsutake alcohol compounds, in which the four compounds were first isolated from the Acathanceae family and one was the first isolated from nature, 3-O-arabarabinopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-glucopyranosyl-1-octen-3-ol and 6 other compounds from the leaf and root methnol extract, in which 1 substance was first isolated from naturally, 9-O-β-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-βglucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-glucopyranosyltranscinnamyl alcohol, the 4 substances were first isolated from the Acanthaceae family and 3 substances were reported for the first time from Sanchezia by Ahmed and co-worker Bui Thanh Tung and partners also isolated 4 compounds in which 3 compounds were first isolated from Sanchezia speciosa. 6-8 In Vietnam, Sanchezia are found in many localities such as

Five compounds (1-5) were isolated from the leaves of Sanchezia nobilis collected in Nam Dinh province by chromatographic methods. These compounds were identified as: mangiferin (1), β-sitosterol (2), margaric acid (3), ursolic acid (4), oleanolic acid (5). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. These compounds were isolated from the leaves of Sanchezia nobilis for the first time. Screening of gastric and duodenal antiulcer effects on indomethacin induced gastric ulcer models showed that n-hexane fraction produced the highest antiulcer activity. Percentage inhibition of gastric ulceration of misoprostol was 22.86 %, while that of n-hexane fraction was 28.57 % (p < 0.05). Evaluation of gastric and duodenal antiulcer effects on acysteamine induced gastric ulcer models showed that this fraction was effective against gastric and duodenal ulcer (83.3 %), improved ulcer damage (54.17 %), significantly reduced the number of mean ulcer and ulcer index (2.00 ± 1.28) but it did not change the area of the ulcer.

Background: Assessment of pain in emergency settings can be difficult, particularly in young children. However, it is essential to the appropriate management and treatment in children.Objective: To assess pain levels in pediatric patients admitted to an emergency department using standardized pain assessment tools.Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of 1840 children hospitalized in the Emergency and Poison Control Department of the Vietnam National Children's Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam from 12/2014 to 3/2015. On admission and again at 6 hours, nurses or physicians assessed pain levels using the Wong-Baker Faces scale for children < 3 years and the FLACC score for children >3 years of age. Time of first analgesic administration (paracetamol or opioids) and basic demographic data were prospectively recorded on standard datasheets. Results:We enrolled 1840 children (66% male, 34% female) during the 4 months study period. Of this total, 1221 (66.7%) were 1 months to 3 years in age. On admission, no pain was noted in 356 (19.3%), mild pain in 746 (40.5%), moderate pain in 681(37%), and severe pain in 42 (2.3%). On admission, the mean pain score was (2.92 ± 1.94 on admission. After 6 hours, 820 (44.6%) children were pain-free and 755 (41%) had mild pain, with mean pain scores of 1.59 ± 1.79. Analgesics were not administered to children with no pain; analgesics were administered to 3.8% and 26% of patients with moderate or severe pain, respectively. There was no difference in the pain level by age groups or gender. Only 2.3% patients received analgesics, all of these had moderate or severe pain scores. Conclusions:Pain scales are useful in stratifying pain in children so that analgesics can be appropriately administered to those with the most acute pain. Pain scores can guide emergency physicians to treat nonverbal patients most in need of analgesics.

Background: Hunter syndrome or mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is caused by deficiency of lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase and characterized by neurologic and movement functions. Aims: To evaluate functional independence for patients with Hunter syndrome. Methods: Study included 17 patients with Hunter syndrome diagnosed and managed at Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, National Children's Hospital in 2016. This is a cross-sectional study using WeeFIM questionnaire (self-care, mobility and cognition) for the parents or caregivers. Results: The percentage of patients needed total assistance of self-care was 35.9%, and only 4.69% of patients were complete independence of self-care. Mobility ability with supervision was 41.25% of patients, and patients with complete independence on mobility account for 11.25%. Only 12.5% patients had complete independence on communication. Conclusions: All self-care, mobility and communication of patients with Hunter syndrome were affected, and patients need assistance from their parents or caregivers.

The leaves of Sanchezia Nobilis Hook. F grown in Vietnam are extracted with ethanol then distilled for ethanol retrievement under low pressure. The ethanol concentrate was shaken with n-hexane, then stirred with ethyl acetate and concentrated fractions were obtained. From the high ethyl acetate fraction, four compounds were isolated by normal phase and reversed-phase column chromatography. Their structures were determined by spectral analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques (1H, 13C, DEPT, COZY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY), High Resolution - Electrochewmical Ionization - Mass Spectroscopy (HR-ESI-MS), and identified by comparing with the recorded data. Among the isolated compounds, compound 2 (13-O-acetylfawcettimine) was first time isolated from nature; and mixture 1 (Fawcettidin), 3 (Apigenin) and 4 (Kaempferol) were first time isolated from the Sanchezia genus. The high ethyl acetate fraction of Sanchezia Nobilis Hook. F leaves were then evaluated for the anti-Helicobacter pylori (anti-HP) effect by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration method (MIC), which showed a good inhibitory, dose−dependent effect on Helicobacter pylori. The ethyl acetate fraction at 1/8 dilution showed a complete inhibitory effect on Helicobacter pylori for as long as 24 hours. At 1/128 dilution, the fraction only showed good results on inhibition after 24 hours.