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Herein, we designed and constructed a dual functional surface with antimicrobial and antifouling abilities to prevent protein and bacterial attachment that are significant challenges in biomedical devices. Primary amino-group-capped sulfobetaine of DMMSA was synthesized and then grafted onto polydopamine pretreated PET sheets via click chemistry. The sheets were subsequently immersed into silver ion solution, in which the absorbed silver ions were reduced to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ by a polydopamine layer. The antifouling assays demonstrated that the resultant PET/DMMSA/AgNPs sheets exhibited great antifouling performances against bovine serum albumin (BSA), bovine fibrinogen (BFG), platelets, and bacteria, the critical proteins/microorganisms leading to implant failure. The antibacterial data suggested that the sheets had dual functions as inhibitors of bacterial growth and bactericide and could efficiently delay the biofilm formation. This repelling and killing approach is green and simple, with potential biomedical applications.

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Nitric oxide (NO)‐generating materials are beneficial for vascular tissue engineering (VTE) scaffold because the produced NO would enhance endothelial cells viability while inhibit smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and reduce platelet adhesion, resulting in ideal hemocompatibility and endothelialization. Herein, poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/keratin biocomposite mats were first fabricated, followed by in situ gold (Au) nanoparticles loading to afford PCL/keratin/AuNPs mats. These mats were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The PCL/keratin/AuNPs mats were demonstrated to be capable of catalyzing NO release in the mimicked blood microenvironments. The generated NO could enhance human umbilical vein endothelial cell growth and inhibit human umbilical arterial SMC viability. In addition, these mats maintained the antibacterial activity of Au nanoparticles with good blood compatibility. Taken together, these keratin‐based composite mats have potential usage in the VTE. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3239–3247, 2018.

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