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In the present work, the effects of Sn, Ca additions on thermal conductivity were investigated in as cast Mg–Sn–Ca alloys. The measured values of thermal conductivity of Mg–3Sn– xCa alloys obviously increased from 85.6 to 126.3 W m− 1 K− 1 with the increasing Ca from 0 to 1.5 wt-, and then decreased to 98.3 W m− 1 K− 1 with the 2.5 wt- Ca. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the Mg–Sn–Ca (Sn/Ca atomic ratio of 1) alloys decreased slightly from 154.2 to 132.1 W m− 1 K− 1 with the increasing Sn, Ca. Meanwhile, the microstructures of the selected alloys were discussed in detail, suggesting that the solute atoms that caused lattice distortion had greater effect on thermal conductivity compared with the second phases formed in as cast Mg–Sn–Ca alloys.

In previous investigations, a simple method, precalcification, was developed for bioactivating titanium. After a titanium sample was precalcified in a boiling saturated Ca(OH)(2) solution and then immersed in a calcium phosphate supersaturated solution, an apatite coating rapidly precipitated onto its surface. In the present study, heat-treatment in water vapor was carried out prior to precalcification. Heat-treatment in water vapor stimulated the chemical reaction between titanium, calcium, and phosphate. Coating properties were improved, and the bond strength of the coating to substrate was enhanced.