Review on the problem of sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population in the Siberian

In this paper we analyze the present state, dynamics, and prospects of the sociodemographic development of the Siberian region of Russia. The higher rates of a decrease in the population in this region at the beginning of the XX and the end of the XXI centuries are recognized as compared with the whole coun try. The insufficient demographic potential of Siberia for the creation of a developed economical pattern and demographic safety is described. The inefficient and lame federal socio economic and demographic politics conducted in Siberia are shown. Crisis control options are considered. We justify an agenda providing for the development of special investment facilities in Siberia, a balanced migration policy, and the development of mutually beneficial cooperation with neighboring states.

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Abstract. We have carried out a polysystem analysis of the population dynamics by using a variety of hypotheses and their respective models based on different system interpretations of the phenomenon under investigation. Each of the models supplements standard dynamic equations for explaining the effects observed. A qualitative model-based analysis is made of the age-specific male mortality for a Siberian industrial city. The study revealed the tendencies for background mortality to increase with age and over time, which characterizes in an integral manner the influence of socio-ecological factors on the decline in population viability. It is shown that these tendencies are similar for different years and for different population age groups.

The aim of the study is a comprehensive assessment of the quality of life of the population of the Baikal Region (BR) and its trends in the post-Soviet period. Methods. The analysis of life quality of the population of the Baikal Region was carried out on the basis of indicators evaluated in the framework of objective and subjective models. Criteria for differentiated assessment of the level of psychological distress of the population were worked out and used according to the degree of deviation of the suicide rate from the critical level - 20 °/оооо (WHO criterion). The data was analyzed for the territories of the Baikal Region, the Siberian Federal District and the Russian Federation for a period of 21-27 years. Results. All indicators of life quality on the territories of the Baikal Region differed for the worse from the corresponding average indicators in Russia. Clearly marked eastern vector of negative changes in the studied characteristics was revealed. Negative changes in the affective component of the quality of life, measured by the suicide rate, are the most pronounced on the territories of the Baikal Region. Thus, in the Irkutsk Region, an extremely high suicide rate was recorded for 6 years (1994-1995, 1999-2002). Indicators of extremely high suicide rates were observed: in the Republic of Buryatia for over 20 years; in the Trans-Baikal Territory - for 19 years. Consequently, the negative changes in social life that occurred in the observed period caused the greatest damage to the psychological sphere of the quality of life. Conclusions. The quality of life of the population of the Baikal Region is worse compared to many other regions of the Russian Federation. There are no tendencies towards the convergence of these levels. The results of the study show that the efforts of the authorities of all levels in the socio-economic development of Siberia are still not enough to raise the quality of life of the regional community to the average Russian indicators, and even more so to the level of social standards of developed countries.