In view of the severe situation of global warming, China puts forward the carbon emission reduction target of “achieving carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060”. Among all production activities, the energy sector emits the most carbon dioxide of nearly 90%, followed by the industrial sector of more than 10%. Therefore, the focus of carbon emission reduction is to reduce carbon emissions in the energy sector. Tibet possesses unique natural conditions and geographical environment, which is rich in renewable energy and water energy resources. There is a huge space for the development of renewable and clean energy in Tibet. In order to provide sufficient energy for the Tibetan people and achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, Tibet needs to vigorously develop clean energy in the next 40 years. First of all, it is necessary to formulate a systematic energy development plan for the next 40 years, and formulate different energy development plans according to the natural conditions of different regions, so as to put the energy development plan in place. Tibet can not only achieve the goal of carbon neutrality on time, but also contribute to the power transmission from the West to the East.

This work combines hydrophobic and heat-absorbing materials to solve the problem of water and frost resistance in industrial and domestic scenarios in harsh environments. Here, highly hydrophobic and fast endothermic (HHFE) surfaces were prepared by applying candle soot (nanocarbon) as the template, slides as the carrier, and nano-TiO2 as a backbone and a connecting layer. The resulting HHFE surface exhibited a coral-like porous structure, which is beneficial to hydrophobic performance. The contact angle between the water droplet and the glass with the HHFE coating was about 120°, thus implying that the as-prepared HHFE surface with a TiO2 skeleton layer has excellent hydrophobicity. The hydrophobic mechanism of the HHFE surface can be explained by the Cassie-Baxter model. Infrared thermography and thermometry were used to record the thermal capacity and heat-absorbing rate of the HHFE surface. The temperature of the glass covered with the HHFE coating rose from 16°C to 38°C within 5 minutes, which is 46.2% higher in capacity and 2.2 times faster in rate than ordinary glass under the same solar irradiation. The resulting HHFE thin film consists of nanocarbon materials, and nano-TiO2 particles were hydrophobic and good heat-absorbers. They have great potential for anti-freezing and water-proofing applications, especially in harsh environments.