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Introduction: Canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a sexually transmitted tumour affecting dogs worldwide, imposing a financial burden on dog owners. A stable culture cell line in continuous passages for >18 months has only been achieved once. The present study investigated a stable CTVT cell line isolated from a bitch and its potential as a vaccine. Material and Methods: A biopsy from a 2-year-old mongrel bitch with CTVT was obtained for histopathological confirmation and isolation of tumour cells. The isolated cells were cultured to passage 55 and characterised by flow cytometry, with karyotyping by GTG-banding and by PCR detection of myc S-2 and LINE AS1. The isolated CTVT cell line was also used as a preventive vaccine in a canine model. Results: Histopathological analysis of the isolated tumour cells revealed typical CTVT characteristics. Constant proliferation and stable morphological characteristics were observed during culture. Phenotypic analysis determined the expression of HLA-DR+, CD5.1+, CD14+, CD45+, CD83+, CD163+, and Ly-6G-Ly-6C+. GTG-banding revealed a mean of 57 chromosomes in the karyotype with several complex chromosomal rearrangements. LINE-c-myc insertion in the isolated CTVT cell line at 550 bp was not detected. However, a 340-bp band was amplified. Isolated CTVT cell line inoculation at a concentration of 1×108 did not induce tumour growth in bitches, nor did a challenge with primary CTVT cells. Conclusion: The present study successfully identified and isolated a stable CTVT cell line that may be useful in CTVT prevention.

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A controlled, parallel, randomized and comparative trial was carried out to evaluate the antiinflammatory efficacy of IMMUNEPOTENT CRP versus ibuprofen in patients after third-molar surgery over seven days. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of IMMUNEPOTENT CRP was evaluated using the method of Amin and Laskin, and the analysis of cytokine production (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a, INF-g) in saliva was done by flow cytometry. The swelling process after surgery was significant (p < 0.05) and the treatments with IMMUNEPOTENT CRP or ibuprofen controlled this process properly; no difference between the groups was found (p < 0.05). Both treatments were shown to modulate the cytokine production. These results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of the natural compound IMMUNEPOTENT CRP and suggest it could be used in clinical dental practice.

As a class of secondary metabolites or toxins produced by fungi, aflatoxins can poison humans and animals; among them, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most dangerous one owing to its carcinogenic and mutagenic properties that increase risks for hepatocellular carcinoma in humans; hence, adsorbents such as smectites are commonly included in poultry feed to mitigate their effects. In this study, chitosan was crosslinked with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to form an insoluble polymer complex that is stable at the relevant physiological pH levels. The characterization via Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy revealed the interaction between the sulfate groups of the SDS and the amine group of chitosan (1,016 and 819 cm−1); this result was further confirmed by the X-ray diffraction patterns with a change in the crystalline structure of the chitosan-insoluble complex (2θ = 4.76°, 7°, and 22°). The morphology of the chitosan-insoluble complex obtained using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) revealed that particles were slightly porous. After characterization, the performance of the chemically modified polymer complex was evaluated as an adsorbent for AFB1 and compared with those of the unmodified chitosan, soluble chitosan complex, and commercial montmorillonite clay binder. In addition, the polymer complex was investigated as an adsorbent in an in vitro model for the poultry gastrointestinal system. Sequestration of AFB1 by a chemically modified polymer complex was 93.4%, equivalent to that of commercial montmorillonite clay (99.5%). However, these treatments also sequestered microminerals, particularly selenium and iron. This pH-stable, high-capacity adsorbent could be used in poultry feed to reduce the uptake of AFB1.