AimsTo examine the efficacy and safety of once‐weekly dulaglutide monotherapy (0.75 mg) compared with placebo and once‐daily liraglutide (0.9 mg) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis was a phase III, 52‐week (26‐week primary endpoint), randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, open‐label comparator (liraglutide) trial comparing 492 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (dulaglutide, n = 281; liraglutide, n = 141; and placebo, n = 70) who were aged ≥20 years. Patients and investigators were blinded to treatment assignment for dulaglutide and placebo but not for liraglutide. The primary objective evaluated the superiority of dulaglutide versus placebo on change from baseline in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at 26 weeks. Analyses were performed on the full analysis set.ResultsAt 26 weeks, once‐weekly dulaglutide was superior to placebo and non‐inferior to once‐daily liraglutide for HbA1c change from baseline [least squares mean difference: dulaglutide vs placebo −1.57% (95% confidence interval −1.79 to −1.35); dulaglutide vs liraglutide −0.10% (95% confidence interval −0.27 to 0.07)]. The most frequently reported adverse events were nasopharyngitis, constipation, diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal distension and decreased appetite; only decreased appetite was different between the dulaglutide and liraglutide groups [dulaglutide, n = 2 (0.7%); liraglutide, n = 8 (5.8%); p = 0.003]. Nine (1.8%) patients experienced hypoglycaemia [dulaglutide, n = 6 (2.1%); liraglutide, n = 2 (1.5%); placebo, n = 1 (1.4%)], with no event being severe.ConclusionsIn Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, once‐weekly dulaglutide (0.75 mg) was superior to placebo and non‐inferior to once‐daily liraglutide (0.9 mg) for reduction in HbA1c at 26 weeks. Dulaglutide was safe and well tolerated.

AimsTo examine the efficacy and safety of once‐weekly dulaglutide 0.75 mg monotherapy compared with once‐daily liraglutide 0.9 mg in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) for 52 weeks.MethodsWe conducted a phase III, randomized, 52‐week (26‐week primary endpoint), active‐ and placebo‐controlled trial comparing 492 Japanese patients (dulaglutide, n = 281; liraglutide, n = 141; and placebo, n = 70). Participants and investigators were blinded to treatment assignment for dulaglutide and placebo but not for liraglutide (open‐label comparator); after 26 weeks, patients randomized to placebo were switched to once‐weekly dulaglutide 0.75 mg (open‐label). The present paper reports results for patients treated with dulaglutide and patients treated with liraglutide for 52 weeks.ResultsAt week 52, dulaglutide decreased HbA1c significantly from baseline compared with liraglutide [least squares mean difference: −0.20; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.39, −0.01; p = 0.04]. At week 52 (last observation carried forward), dulaglutide significantly decreased pre‐ and post‐dinner blood glucose (BG) levels, the mean of seven‐point self‐monitored BG profiles, the mean of all postprandial BG levels and circadian variation compared with liraglutide. Body weight was generally stable in both groups through 52 weeks. The most frequently reported adverse events were nasopharyngitis, constipation, nausea and diarrhoea. Eight dulaglutide‐treated (2.9%) and four liraglutide‐treated (2.9%) patients reported hypoglycaemia, with no event being severe.ConclusionsMonotherapy with once‐weekly dulaglutide 0.75 mg was effective and safe in Japanese patients with T2D, with better glycaemic control compared with once‐daily liraglutide 0.9 mg.

Atomoxetine was tolerable and effective in improving QoL and executive function as well as ameliorating core ADHD symptoms in adult Asian patients.

Atomoxetine provides an effective and safe nonstimulant option for the treatment of Japanese pediatric patients with ADHD.

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