The increasing need for forest resources and cultivated land requires a solution in forest management to realize sustainable land use. Smart agroforestry (SAF) is a set of agriculture and silviculture knowledge and practices that is aimed at not only increasing profits and resilience for farmers but also improving environmental parameters, including climate change mitigation and adaptation, biodiversity enhancement, and soil and water conservation, while assuring sustainable landscape management. SAF, a solution for land management systems to reduce the rate of deforestation, is a smart effort to overcome the food crisis and mitigate climate change that is prospectively applied mainly in the social forestry area. Optimized forest land utilization could be achieved by implementing SAF and applying silvicultural and crop cultivation techniques to optimize productivity and meet sustainability and adaptability goals. This paper reviews the existing conditions, opportunities, and challenges in the mainstreaming of SAF in social forestry implementation to support the Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia. Mainstreaming SAF should include policy innovation and regulation implementation, the use of appropriate technology, and compromises or trade-offs among benefits, risks, and resources. SAF is a strategy to revive the rural economy and community prosperity through the optimal use of local resources as well as a form of smart landscape and land-use management that has significant roles in soil and water conservation, bioenergy, climate change responses, and enhanced biodiversity conservation.

The management of Mount Halimun Salak National Park (MHSNP) was challenged by environmental issues such as degradation of natural resources, low economy of the communities living around the park, and increasing human population in the forest area. Support and participation from the communities to preserve the park will be difficult to achieve without endeavor to increase economy of the local communities and yet maintaining ecological balance. This study aimed to examine the socio economic characteristics of communities around MHSNP to provide recommendation to improve national park management. Research conducted from October 2012 to May 2013 by interviewing 297 respondents from 8 villages that were selected purposively. Data were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The results showed that people living in and around MHSNP were relatively homogeneous socially. All respondents were Sundanese-moslems, classified as productive age (88%) with low levels of formal education (86.9%), nevertheless has a good level of health (85.18%). Most of the respondents (87.90%) were indigenous people. The average income was Rp 1.155 million/month and it was under the regional minimum wage (UMR) of West Java and Banten Province s. Average contributions of revenues from MHSNP land to total household income was 38.65% (medium catagory

The purpose of this research was to find out information on financial feasibility of the Apis mellifera L. honey bee enterprises. The method used was a description through a case study in the form of document analysis (desk study) by collecting data from three companies in West Java. Results showed that the average value of honey production was 14.38-30.62/kg/colony/year with the basic production price of Rp 7,500.-/kg honey, the basic selling price of Rp 8,040.--Rp 25,600.-/kg honey and the selling price of Rp 13,500.--Rp 33,000,-/kg honey. The total honey produced at the break event point was 1,230-6,459 kg and if it was converted into the total colonies were 84-240 colonies in which the total honey bee selling price at the break event point was Rp 37,594,214,. These values were higher than those at the break event point meaning that they were profitable. The benefit cost (B/C) ratio was 1.0-1.39 at the level of 10 percent. The payback period of the invested fund could be gained entirely was 41-58 months from the maximum proposed period of 60 months. The maximum internal rate of return that can be paid by Apis mellifera L. honey bee enterprise was 10.2-75%. The net present value (NPV) at 10 percent discont level was Rp 218,945,600, These results suggested that Apis mellifera L. honey bee enterprises were feasible as the production was higher than that at the break event point, the B/C ratio was greater than one, the maximum interest level that can be paid was higher than the bank interest, the net present value at 10 percent discont level was positive and the payback period of the invested fund was shorter than the maximum proposed period.