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Post‐harvest fruits and vegetables are extremely susceptible to dramatic and accelerated quality deterioration deriving from their metabolism and adverse environmental influences. Given their vigorous physiological metabolism, monitoring means are lacking due to the extent that unnecessary waste and damage are caused. Numerous intelligent packaging studies have been hitherto carried out to investigate their potential for fruit and vegetable quality monitoring. This state‐of‐the‐art overview begins with recent advances in target metabolites for intelligent packaging of fruits and vegetables. Subsequently, the mechanisms of action between metabolites and packaging materials are presented. In particular, the exact categorization and function of intelligent packaging of fruits and vegetables, are all extensively and comprehensively described. In addition, for the sake of further research in this field, the obstacles that impede the scaling up and commercialization of intelligent packaging for fruits and vegetables are also explored, to present valuable references.

In the present study, the inhibitory effect of condensed tannins (CTs) on cholesterol esterase (CEase) was studied. The underlying mechanisms were evaluated by reaction kinetics, turbidity and particle size analyses, multispectroscopy methods, thermodynamics, and computer molecular simulations. CTs showed potent CEase inhibitory activity with an IC 50 value of 64.19 μg/mL, and the CEase activity decreased with increasing CT content in a mixed-competitive manner, which was verified by molecular docking simulations. Fluorescence and UV−vis measurements revealed that complexes were formed from CEase and CTs by noncovalent interaction. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicated that the interaction between CEase and CTs occurred through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Circular dichroism analysis suggested that CTs inhibited the activity of CEase by altering the secondary structure of CEase. The inhibition of CTs on CEase in the gastrointestinal tract might be one mechanism for its cholesterol-lowering effect.

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