The use of space environment to carry out life science research is of great significance. However, there are limitations in complex manipulation, research models based on mammalian and 2-dimensional cell culture experiments, etc. Microfluidic chips possess the characteristics of integrating the relevant functions of traditional laboratories into micron-scale chips, with low energy consumption, high throughput, and automation. The application of microfluidic chips can overcome the challenges of space environments, the scarce experimental resources, and the unmanned operation problems to some extent. Moreover, microfluidic chips can realize long-term experimental operation and remote data recording and transmission. To carry out related research with microfluidic chips, the actuation and control of microfluidics are very important. In this paper, the microfluidic actuated and controlled technologies in microfluidic chips are reviewed, and then the application of microfluidic chips and microfluidic actuated and controlled systems in space life science is also briefly described.

The nervous system plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining homeostasis and coordinating with the external environment. However, the incidence of neurological diseases is high and increasing year by year. Long drug development cycles, low efficacy, improper models and other bottlenecks restrict the prevention and treatment of diseases. Organ‐on‐chips (OOCs), as in vitro constructed organ microsystems, have made remarkable progress in recent years. The blood–brain barrier chip, neurovascular unit chip, nerve signal transduction chip, and other chips related to brain function have been widely studied. However, in vitro modeling of complex biological systems remains a major challenge for OOCs. The future development goal of OOC is to realize automatic culture, organ function simulation, and real‐time monitoring of physiological and biochemical indicators. In this paper, a strategy for optimizing the structure and functional interface of cell‐derived modules is presented, and a specific model of the automated integration system is proposed. It aims to build standardized and commercial chips related to brain functions and systems by integrating multidisciplinary strengths. In addition, it will drive the progress of life science research, disease modeling, and drug research and promote the development of related industries.

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