Baicalein demonstrated a well curative capability on rats with SAP. The mechanism may be alleviateing pancreatic injury and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines expression.

Cubitus varus deformity is common in children. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of computer simulation based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) reconstruction with regard to preoperative planning and surgical treatment in children with traumatic cubitus varus deformity.The study included 13 patients with traumatic cubitus varus deformity between January 2012 and January 2015. The original 3D-CT data were transferred to Mimics 10.01 software. Special tools were used for simulation of supracondylar lateral wedge osteotomy of the humerus. Intraoperative elbow arthrography was used to identify the articular surface of the elbow joint for assisting the judgment of the osteotomy site. Kirschner wires were used to determine the osteotomy plane and angle. The osteotomy site was fixed by crossing Kirschner wires and steel wire tension band.Of the 13 patients, 11 were male and 2 were female. The left side was affected in 8 patients, and the right side was affected in 5 patients. The patient age ranged from 2 years to 14 years (mean age, 6 years and 7 months). The varus angle ranged from 12° to 35° (mean angle, 20°). The carrying angle on the contralateral side ranged from 5° to 18° (mean angle, 10°). The varus deformities showed good correction. The 13 patients were followed up for 24 to 60 months (mean follow-up, 38 months). According to the Flynn score of elbow joint function after surgery: 10 patients had excellent function, 2 had good function, and 1 had fair function. The excellent rate was 92.3%. At the final follow-up, the ipsilateral carrying angle ranged from 4° to 15° (mean angle, 11°).Computer simulation based on 3D-CT reconstruction can provide good information on the right humeral osteotomy position and osteotomy angle. It can guide the actual operation and provide better results after surgery. Intraoperative elbow arthrography is useful to determine the level of elbow joint osteotomy, and it can assist in the operation.Level of evidence: Level IV-retrospective case, treatment study.

Abstract. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the molecular circuitry of Schmid-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD), and to identify more potential genes associated with the pathogenesis of SMCD. Microarray data from GSE72261 were downloaded from the NCBI GEO database, including collagen X p.Asn617Lys knock-in mutation (ColX N617K), ablated XBP1 activity (Xbp1 CartΔEx2), compound mutant (C/X), and wild-type (WT) specimens. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in Xbp1 vs. WT, Col vs. WT and CX vs. WT, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis of these DEGs was performed. Transcription factors (TFs) of the overlapping DEGs were identified. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to find modules of DEGs with high correlations, followed by gene function analysis and a protein-protein interaction network construction. In total, 481, 1,530 and 1,214 DEGs were identified in Xbp1 vs. WT, Col vs. WT and CX vs. WT, respectively. These DEGs were enriched in different pathways, such as extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and metabolism-related pathways. A total of 7 TFs were found to regulate 19 common upregulated genes, and 4 TFs were identified to regulate 21 common downregulated genes. Two significant gene co-expression modules were enriched and DEGs in the 2 modules were mainly enriched in different biological processes, such as ribosome biogenesis. Moreover, Kras (downregulated), Col5a1 (upregulated) and Furin (upregulated) were both identified in the regulatory networks and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. On the whole, our findings indicate that the Kras, Col5a1 and Furin genes may play essential roles in the molecular mechanisms of SMCD, which warrants further investigation.