The SARC-F scale can identify old Chinese people with impaired physical function who may suffered from sarcopenia. SARC-F judgment reflects fear of falling, indicates the hospitalization events and is associated with ability of daily life. Thus, SARC-F may be a simple and useful tool for screening individuals with impaired physical function. Further studies on SARC-F in Chinese people would be worthy.

1 Sulphonated aluminium phthalocyanine (SALPC) photodynamic action induces amylase secretion and permanent calcium oscillation in rat pancreatic acinar cells, because of the activation of phospholipase C or signalling proteins upstream. The aim of the present study was to investigate the involvement of muscarinic acetylcholine and cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors. 3 Amylase secretion induced by SALPC photodynamic action was not inhibited when atropine and FK480 were present during photodynamic action. However, addition of FK480 1 mm after initiation of photodynamic action inhibited photodynamic amylase secretion. Bethanechol (10, 100 mm) added after photodynamic action resulted in a full secretory response. 4 Atropine (10 nm) abolished calcium oscillation induced by bethanechol (5 mm), and FK480 (10 nm) blocked calcium oscillation induced by CCK (10 pm). 5 Atropine up to 10 mm was without effect on Ca 2 þ oscillation triggered by photodynamic action, but these oscillations were abolished by FK480 (10 nm). FK480 (10 nm) had no effect on calcium oscillations induced by bethanechol (5 mm). Bethanechol 5 mm, added after FK480 blockade of photodynamic calcium oscillation, still triggered regular calcium oscillation. 6 It is concluded that SALPC photodynamic action selectively and permanently activates CCK receptor in rat pancreatic acini. Such permanent and selective modulation of signalling proteins has important implications for the treatment of pancreatitis, prion diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Alkoxy side-chain-flanked diarylsulfonamide serves as a reliable structural motif for constructing macrocyclic aromatic tetrasulfonamides. This 90°structural motif is persistent both in solution and in the solid state, which allows the one-step formation of tetrasulfonamide macrocycles. These macrocycles adopt a cone-shaped conformation in solution and in the solid state. For each molecule, an interior cavity surrounded by the aromatic residues is formed. The cavity sizes of the macrocycles can be tuned by incorporating aromatic residues of proper sizes. Guest (solvent) molecules are found in the cavities and bound by side chains. In solution, 1 H NMR shows that the cone conformations undergo rapid interconversion at room temperature. The alkoxy side chains are found to be indispensable for maintaining the cone conformation. In addition, these porous molecules self-assemble into hollow tubular structures in the solid state. A variety of host molecules and building blocks for constructing nanoporous solid-state structures can be expected from these molecules.macrocycle ͉ nanocavity ͉ nanotube ͉ oligomer ͉ sulfonamide

Objectives: Fear of falling is common among older adults and can increase fall-risk through premature activity restriction. exergames, an emerging tool in fall prevention, combine exercise with interactive and adaptive game elements. This review examines the extent to which exergame interventions reduce fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults. Method: Guided by the PRiSMA methodology, we reviewed peer-reviewed studies that were published in english between 2006 and 2019 and employed a comparative design to test the effect of exergames on fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. Two reviewers screened the literature and extracted data on the exergame platform, participants, study design, and results. A modified PeDro scale was used to assess study quality. Disagreements were resolved through discussion with the third reviewer. Results: Our literature search resulted in 23 eligible studies on exergame interventions where fear of falling was the primary or secondary outcome. Most interventions (35%) occurred within hospitals and were delivered via a wii-based system (61%). Fear of falling was most commonly measured using the Falls efficacy Scale, the Activities-specific Balance Scale and their modified versions. A total of 15 of the 23 studies reported statistically significant changes in fear of falling. Quality assessment showed 10 studies to be rated as 'good. ' Conclusion: This review showed that exergame may have a positive effect in reducing fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. The finding provides a direction for clinical practice in the research area of intervention on fear of falling in older adults.

A new sequiterpenoid compound 8aα-hydroxy-1-isopropyl-4,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,6,8a-hexahydro-naphthalene-2,6-dione (1), together with seven known compounds anti-HH-dimer-coumarin (2), (-)-5-exo-hydroxy-borneol (3), O-hydroxyl cinnamic acid (4), 9β-hydroxy-ageraphorone (5), 10Hα-9-oxo-ageraphorone (6), 10Hβ-9-oxoageraphorone (7) and 9-oxo-10,11-dehydroageraphorone 8, was isolated from the leaves of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. The structures were elucidated by IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR, EIMS, HMBC and single-crystal X-ray spectral data.