In the article, the author examines the problems of digitalization of public services from the point of view of their consumer nature. The author singles out the signs of consumer relations through the prism of administrative services in the field of construction at the current stage of digitization of the provision of such services and the development of the concept of the service state, which is defined through the interaction of institutions of public authority and society, which is based on the effective provision of public services, the possibility of delegating functions for the provision of public services private sector. The author points to a certain similarity of the concept of service within the framework of public service activities and civil legal relations, which allows us to further determine the possibility of extending the protection of consumer rights (or its components) to administrative relations in the field of construction. In the article, the author characterizes such signs of consumer relations that are inherent, including, in administrative relations in the field of construction (voluntary nature (purpose), sphere of protection of public interests, reasons for their occurrence, payment, list of specific rights and responsibilities of the consumer). Regarding some of them, the author makes a reservation, taking into account the specifics of the researched services. The author demonstrates the servility or a certain client-orientation of the state through the prism of the consumer nature of such relations through the prism of the social orientation of its goals, effectiveness for the object of management, the effectiveness of administrative services, the transparency of administrative procedures, the creation of comfortable conditions for receiving such services. The author justifies that a feature of the public service state in the context of the consumer nature of administrative services should be the introduction of standards and regulations for the provision of public services, the use of "one (or single) window" technology when interacting with the state. In addition, certain norms of legislation on the protection of consumer rights should find their place in the legislation on administrative services in terms of information about them and their quality, as well as, probably, ways of protecting the recipients of such services as a potentially weaker side of the legal relationship compared to the state system. The author notes the impossibility of a full comparison of the researched relations with consumer relations, since the legislation on the protection of consumer rights regulates a special circle of relations that applies exclusively to subjects of entrepreneurial activity and consumer-individuals, and administrative services in the field of construction, in turn, in the predominant most of them are provided by subjects of authority, and the recipients of such services are both natural and legal entities. The author concludes that it should be about quasi-consumer relations, taking into account their content and purpose.
Using an analytical and documentary-based methodology, the objective of the study was to establish the relationship between the degree of decentralization and the speed of delivery of administrative services at the local level in different fields in European countries and Ukraine. The study involved indicators of the speed of delivery of administrative services (company registration, building permit and land registration) according to the World Bank’s Doing Business methodology. The relationship identified between the degree of decentralization and the speed of administrative service delivery at the local level was the basis for establishing that the time to register a company and obtain a building permit decreases as a function of the higher degree of decentralization. The time to register property increases as the degree of decentralization increases, which is partly explained by the complexity of the administrative procedure models and their duration. It is concluded that, a comparison of the speed of providing administrative services (business registration, construction permit, land registration) in Ukraine with the average indicator of a group of countries revealed significantly better results in Ukraine.
In the article the author explores the main problems of digitalization of administrative services in the field of construction. It is indicated on the validity of the grounds for digitalization of administrative services. The author determines that administrative services in the field of construction are accompanied by a significant share of corruption risks. In the article, the author substantiates that the digitalization of administrative services in Ukraine, including in the field of construction, is an ongoing process that is undergoing significant changes. It is emphasized that during 2020 the national legislation underwent significant changes in the study area, but they did not bring the expected result due to several factors, including political. The author argues that the initiated changes in the functioning of the electronic system in construction will contribute to the legislative definition of the concept of a single state electronic system in construction, ensuring accessibility, convenience, transparency of administrative services in construction, openness, accessibility, reliability, relevance, completeness and security, information (data) of the electronic system, etc. The author argues that declaring equal status and legal force of information and documents will have real results only if such recognition is fully operational for all types of documents at the level of all types of administrative services, especially those with a relevant list of documents in the field of construction. The main factors hindering the development of digitalization of administrative services in the field of construction are substantiated (lack of political will in the issue of radical reform of the system of bodies in construction and urban planning; inertia of the system of administrative services in digitalization, etc.). The author argues that the advantages of using modern information technology in the provision of services in the field of construction are maximum transparency and reduction of corruption risks in construction. However, to implement the project of digitalization of the provision and receipt of administrative services, it is necessary to work more deeply on the regulatory framework in this direction and minimize the impact on human decision-making on the provision of administrative services.
The article identifies some aspects of the methodology of research of administrative services in the field of construction. The author points out the importance of applying in the practice of scientific knowledge the correct and complete arsenal of research methods and tools, which directly affects its comprehensiveness and quality, correctness of results. The author points out the position that having its own tasks, content and internal organization, the theory of administrative services in the field of construction is aimed at expanding, deepening, refining, systematizing, and improving the reliability of scientific data. The author defines the method of research of administrative services in the field of construction as rules or prescriptions of purposeful theoretical or practical activity within administrative services in the field of construction, as well as knowledge of rational methods, techniques, operations, procedures for their implementation. The author defends the position, the methodology must be determined through the doctrine of the method and study of the system of such methods, and we believe that the most important interpretation of the methodology of research of administrative services in construction is that it is a system of methods, approaches, methods of administrative science. rights during the implementation of research on administrative services in the field of construction. Within the study, the author points out the existence of methods-operations (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, etc.), which are mainly technology of working with scientific material, which should be distinguished from complex methods such as dialectics, synergetic, which are inherent in all sciences and effective within each with it. At the same time, private methods are used in jurisprudence: historical, concrete-sociological, psychological, mathematical, statistical methods and other methods. The author also proves the important role of the comparative law method.
The aim of the article was to analyze the state of the digital transformation of administrative services in various fields of activity. The main methodological tools were statistical, graphical, comparative analysis, and observation methods. The research found that national governments are taking a large number of initiatives related to digital public services. The DESI Index has shown itself to good advantage in the EU. It ranks Member States according to their digital performance and analyses their progress in providing e-government services. The AuroraAI programed developed in Finland will contribute to the improvement of electronic administrative services, smooth daily life, business, safe and ethical approach. The Finnish web portal My Kanta provides a wide range of applications that can be of benefit to citizens, healthcare professionals and organizations, government bodies. In Ukraine, the smooth functioning of the Diia web portal promotes the spread of digital skills, the inclusion of citizens in relation to receiving digital administrative services during the period of hostilities. Global geopolitical transformations have focused the efforts of states on strengthening intersectoral cooperation of public authorities in the digitalization of administrative services. The availability of such services for the elderly remains unresolved. The adaptation of the positive practices of the government of Finland in Ukraine will become a vector for further research and thorough studies during the post-war reconstruction of the state. Particular attention will be paid to the issue of availability of the services under research.
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