Whiteleg shrimp is a widely cultured crustacean, but frequent disease outbreaks have decreased production and caused significant losses. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) comprise a large innate immune family that is involved in the innate immune response. However, understanding of their regulatory mechanism is limited. In this study, PacBio sequencing and Illumina sequencing were applied to the gill and hepatopancreas tissues of whiteleg shrimp and an integrated transcript gene set was established. The upregulation of Toll1, Toll2 and Toll3 transcripts in the hepatopancreas tissue of whiteleg shrimp after iridescent virus infection implies that these proteins are involved in the immune response to the virus; simultaneously, the TRAF6 and relish transcripts in the Toll pathway were also upregulated, implying that the Toll pathway was activated. We predicted the three‐dimensional structure of the five Toll proteins in whiteleg shrimp and humans and constructed a phylogenetic tree of the Toll protein family. In addition, there was a large discrepancy of Toll1 between invertebrates and vertebrates, presumably because of the loss of Toll1 protein sequence during the evolution process from invertebrates to vertebrates. Our research will improve the cognition of Toll protein family in invertebrates in terms of evolution, structure and function and provide theoretical guidance for researchers in this field.

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We first determined and characterized the complete mitochondrial genome of Parribacus antarcticus . It is 15,806 bp long and consists of 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and 1 control region. The nucleotide composition is significantly biased with AT contents of 69.3%. Five PCGs used an unusual initiation codon, and nine PCGs were terminated with an incomplete or abnormal stop codon. Three microsatellites were identified and located in the ND 4 gene and D-loop region. Phylogenetic tree showed that P. antarcticus was first clustered with Ibacus ciliatus and Ibacus alticrenatus, which is consistent with the expected phylogenetic relationship.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Japanese sponge crab Lauridromia dehaani was first determined and characterized from South China Sea. The L. dehaani mitogenome is 15,754 bp in length, and consists of 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and one control region. The nucleotide composition of L. dehaani mitogenome is significantly biased (A, G, T, and C was 36.23%, 9.71%, 35.12%, and 18.94%, respectively) with A þ T contents of 71.35%. Two PCGs used an unusual initiation codon, and eleven PCGs were terminated with an abnormal stop codon. Three microsatellites were identified in L. dehaani mitogenome sequences. Phylogenetic tree showed that L. dehaani was first clustered with Dynomene pilumnoides. ARTICLE HISTORY