We use the 1991 Survey of Federal Government Employees to test a theoretical framework regarding the relationships between work and family demands, family-friendly policies, satisfaction with work-family balance, and job satisfaction for diverse groups of employees with different personal and family needs. We find that a variety of policies widely presumed to be "family friendly" were used to varying degrees by disparate groups of federal employees. The use of such policies had very diverse effects on both employee satisfaction with work-family balance and job satisfaction, within and across various groups of similarly situated employees. The assumptions underlying the provision of family-friendly policies and implications for the organization are examined.
What determines the job satisfaction of federal government employees? Using data reported in the Survey of Federal Government Employees, I propose and assess the argument that the job satisfaction of federal government employees is determined primarily by three sets of factors: job characteristics, organizational characteristics, and individual characteristics. The empirical findings show that job characteristics such as pay satisfaction, promotional opportunity, task clarity and significance, and skills utilization, as well as organizational characteristics such as organizational commitment and relationship with supervisors and co-workers have consistently significant effects on the job satisfaction of federal government employees. I also discuss the research and organizational implications of my findings.
An organocatalytic Cloke-Wilson rearrangement of cyclopropyl ketones to 2,3-dihydrofurans is exploited utilizing the homoconjugate addition process. With 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane as the catalyst, the rearrangement in DMSO at 120 °C proceeded in generally high yields, exclusive regioselectivity, and a broad substrate scope. An examination of the mechanism including stereochemical analysis and intermediate isolation supports an S1-type ring opening of the mechanism.
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