The dissolution enhancement of the water-insoluble drug fenofibric acid (FA) was conducted by the surface solid dispersion (SSD) technique with croscarmellose sodium (CS) as a carrier. The SSD formulations of FA were prepared by the solvent evaporation method in three different drug-to-carrier weight ratios, evaluated for the dissolutions, and compared to the physical mixtures (PMs). The optimum SSD formulation and its corresponding PM were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and were compressed into tablets to evaluate the dissolution after compression. The best dissolution was obtained from the SSD 1:1. The recrystallization of FA in the SSD preparation could change the crystal habit of FA and deposited it on the surface of CS. İn addition, there was no chemical interaction observable between both FA and CS in the SSD formulation. No chemical interaction between FA and CS in the SSD. However, a slight reduction was noticed in the crystallinity of FA if compared to that of the pure drug. This study showed that the SSD formulation had the best dissolution compared to the PM, the conventional direct compression, and the reference formulation of FA in its commercial tablets. The SSD preparation with CS could enhance the dissolution of FA from its tablet dosage form.
Amaç: Fenofibrik asit (FA) antihiperlipidemik bir ajandır ve 105 mg aktif madde içeren 840 mg ağırlığında bir tablet formülasyonu şeklinde ticari olarak temin edilebilir. Konvansiyonel formülasyona alternatif olarak inaktif madde miktarı daha az yeni bir formülasyon geliştirildi. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yüzey katı dispersiyonunun (SSD) ve konvansiyonel FA formülasyonlarının disolüsyonunu ve göreceli biyoyararlanımını ticari tabletlerindeki referans formülasyon ile karşılaştırmaktır. Bu tablet formülasyonları arasındaki in vitro-in vivo korelasyon da değerlendirildi. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Disolüsyon deneyleri fosfat tamponu pH 6,8 ve açlık durumu yapay bağırsak sıvısı içinde yapıldı. Disolüsyon profillerini karşılaştırmak için disolüsyon verimliliği ve ortalama disolüsyon süresi (MDT) kullanıldı. Dokuz sağlıklı gönüllü üzerinde gerçekleştirilen biyoyararlanım çalışması, tek doz, aç karna, randomize, çapraz bir tasarım kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. In vivo performans, C max , T max , AUC 0-72 ve AUC 0-∞ farmakokinetik parametreleri kullanılarak karşılaştırıldı. MDT ve ortalama kalış süresi (MRT) kullanılarak doğrusal korelasyon modeli test edilmiştir. Bulgular: Sonuçlar, çözünme performanslarında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu, ancak SSD, geleneksel ve referans formülasyonlardan tahmin edilen ortalama C max , T max , AUC 0-72 veya AUC 0-∞ arasında önemli farklılıklar olmadığını gösterdi. Üç formülasyonun MRT ve MDT değerleri arasında zayıf bir korelasyon bulundu. Sonuç: SSD formülasyonu, polimerin varlığı ve SSD'nin fiziki yapısı nedeniyle ilacın ani disolüsyonuna yol açtı. Konvansiyonel formülasyon, hızlı salım dozaj formu gereksinimini karşılamasına rağmen disolüsyonu hızlı olmadı. Her iki formülasyon da referansın biyoeşdeğeri olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Diltiazem HCL is an antihypertensive that low oral bioavailability of 40%, so developed to transdermal preparations. A matrix type of transdermal patch of diltiazem HCl was prepared using polyvinyl alcohol and ethyl cellulose with PEG 400 as penetration enhancer. In vitro-in vivo evaluation were conducted to asses drug permeation through the skin and determine the effectiveness of transdermal film as an antihypertensive drug. Transdermal patches of diltiazem HCl were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, moisture uptake, and drug content. In vitro permeation study was conducted using commercial semi permeable membrane in Franz diffusion cell. In vivo activity study was evaluated on male rat Wistar that induced NaCl with CODA non-invasive blood pressure method. Transdermal patches of diltiazem HCl were found no significant differences in terms of physicochemical characteristics. The in vitro skin permeation profiles showed increased flux values with the increase of PEG 400 as a penetration enhancer. The in vivo evaluation showed a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure within one hour after the drug administration. Diltiazem HCl was able penetration into skin, absorbed in blood circulation and effective as antihypertensive via transdermal route.Keywords : antihypertension, diltiazem HCl, PEG 400, transdermal patch
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