<p><em>Tofu is a food made from fermented soybean seed precipitate. Storage knows when more than 1-2 days, tofu will be acidic and rotten. A relatively short shelf life that often added formalin preservatives to know can last up to seven days. Formalin is one harmful substance that is forbidden to use for food because it can cause health problems especially in the gastrointestinal tract and if accumulated in the body can be a carcinogen compound. The purpose of this research is to know the existence of formalin on the tofu sold in the Jodoh market Batam city. Sampling is performed in purposive sampling, taking 20 different tofu samples. The active test was done by solution solution A and B and the solution of the reagent Nash. The results of the Weaver show that out of 20 samples that have been tested negatively or do not contain formalin, so that it can be said that circulating in Batam City Jodoh market is safe For consumption.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em><em>Tahu merupakan makanan yang terbuat dari endapan perasan biji kedelai yang difermentasi. Penyimpanan tahu bila lebih dari 1-2 hari, tahu akan menjadi asam dan busuk. Daya simpan tahu yang relatif singkat sehingga sering ditambahkan bahan pengawet formalin agar tahu dapat bertahan sampai tujuh hari. Bahan pangan yang banyak mengandung kadar air dapat mudah busuk dan tidak tahan lama terhadap penyimpanan sehingga sangat rentan untuk ditambahakan zat kimia berbahaya seperti formalin. Formalin merupakan salah satu zat berbahaya yang dilarang penggunaanya untuk makanan karena dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan khususnya pada saluran pencernaan dan jika terakumulasi dalam tubuh dapat menjadi senyawa karsinogen.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya formalin pada tahu yang di jual di Pasar Jodoh Kota Batam. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling, dengan mengambil 20 sampel tahu yang berrbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan larutan pereaksi formalin ( fehling A dan B dan Larutan pereaksi Nash) terhadap 20 sampel tahu yang diperoleh di Pasar Jodoh.Hasil penenlitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 sampel yang telah diuji negatif atau tidak mengandung formalin, sehingga dapat dikatakan tahu yang beredar di Pasar Jodoh Kota Batam aman untuk di konsumsi</em></em></p>
ABSTRACK Introduction: Coffee is one of the delicious drinks that many people like. Coffee (Coffeasp) contains chemical compounds, one of which is caffeine. If consumed in excess, caffeine negatively affects the human body, such as nervousness, tremors, insomnia, hypertension, and seizures. UV spectrophotometry. Analysis of caffeine content of imported coffee was qualitatively used parry reagent, and analysis of caffeine content of imported coffee was quantitatively determined using UV spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 273.05 nm. Based on the qualitative test conducted, seven samples of imported coffee were positive for caffeine. In sample A, 43.15 mg caffeine content, sample B 95.1 mg caffeine content, sample C 49.3 mg caffeine content, sample D 106.05 mg caffeine content, sample E 45.81 mg caffeine content, sample F 57, 2 mg caffeine content, sample G 22 mg caffeine content. Based on the research that has been done, three samples of imported coffee do not meet the SNI standard, namely 50 mg/serving and four samples of coffee that meet the SNI standard. ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Kopi merupakan salah satu minuman lezat yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat. Kopi (Coffea sp) memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia salah satunya yaitu kafein. Kafein memiliki efek negative pada tubuh manusia jika dikonsumsi secara berlebihan seperti, gugup, tremor, insomnia, hipertensi dan kejang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui berapa kadar kafein pada kopi Import yang beredar dikota Batam dan apakah sudah memenuhi standar SNI dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV. Analisis kadar kafein kopi import secara kualitatif menggunakan reagen parry dan analisis kadar kafein kopi import secara kuantitatif ditentukan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV pada panjang gelombang 273,05 nm. Berdasarkan uji kualitatif yang dilakukan tujuh sampel kopi import positif mengandung kafein. Pada sampel A 43,15 mg kadar kafein, sampel B 95,1 mg kadar kafein, sampel C 49,3 mg kadar kafein, sampel D 106,05 mg kadar kafein, sampel E 45,81 mg kadar kafein, sampel F 57,2 mg kadar kafein, sampel G 22 mg kadar kafein. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan disimpulkan terdapat tiga sampel kopi import yang tidak memenuhi standar SNI yaitu<50 mg/sajian yaitu sampel B, D, F dan empat sampel kopi yang memenuhi standar SNI yaitu sampel A, C, E dan G.
Penyakit ginjal terminal dapat menyebabkan terganggunya pengaturan keseimbangan Natrium (Na) dan Kalium (K). Gangguan tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh fungsi ginjal yang menurun dan pengaruh antihipertensi golongan penghambat SRAA (Sistem Renin Angiotensin Aldosteron) seperti ACEI (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor) dan ARB (Angiotensin Receptor Blocker). Gangguan ini dapat menyebabkan aritmia, edema otak, henti jantung hingga kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan obat serta pengaruh penggunaan antihipertensi ACEI dan ARB terhadap gangguan Na dan K pada kondisi pasien pradialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-potong lintang (cross-sectional) pada kondisi pasien pradialisis di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Bandung. Dari penelitian diperoleh 22 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu pasien yang memiliki hasil pengukuran kadar Na dan K pada kondisi pradialisis. Dari 22 pasien tersebut sebanyak 59,09% mengalami hiponatremia, 45,45% mengalami hiperkalemia, dan 4,55% mengalami hipokalemia. Untuk mengatasi kondisi hiponatremia digunakan infus NaCl 3%. Sedangkan untuk mengatasi kondisi hiperkalemia digunakan furosemid, kalsium glukonat, dan kalsium polistiren sulfonat baik tunggal maupun kombinasi. Gangguan Na dan K harus segera diatasi untuk mencegah terjadinya kerusakan sel. Penggunaan antihipertensi ACEI, ARB maupun kombinasi keduanya secara statistik tidak bermakna yang berarti tidak terdapat pengaruh penggunaan obat tersebut terhadap munculnya kondisi hiponatremia maupun hiperkalemia pada pasien.Kata kunci: Hiponatremia, Hiperkalemia, ACEI, ARB
Indonesia, especially the Kepulauan Riau, has very wide marine waters, and is rich in natural resources and marine biota diversity. One of the marine biota that has the potential to be developed is the marine sponge as an anti-inflammatory because it contains the flavonoid compound which is able to inhibit the cyclooxygenase enzyme that functions in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. The purpose of this study was to determine whether marine sponge extract had anti-inflammatory activity against white male mice and to determine the optimal concentration of sea sponge extract gel was effective in inhibiting inflammationThe research method is experimental which uses carrageenan induction on the feet of mice. The thick extract of the marine sponge (Axinella carteri) will be formulated in the form of a gel with a concentration of 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% and a comparison (Voltaren emulgel) and a negative control in the form of (carbopol gel basis) gel. Parameters observed were inflammation caused by carrageenan and inhibition after treatment. Research data processing will be presented in the form of tables and graphs.This study showed that marine sponge extract gel preparations with a concentration of 0.02% to 0.04% had a healing effect on inflammation, and which had anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the positive control of Natrium diclofenac gel 1% is a marine sponge extract gel 0.04% with an inhibition percentage of 88.73%.The administration of marine sponge extract gel (Axinella carteri) gave a positive response to reducing the size of the leg edema of mice. From the percentage of inhibition that was calculated and the effective gel concentration was 0.04% because it had relatively the same effectiveness as the percentage of inhibition of the positive control. This can be used as a new alternative that utilizes natural ingredients, especially those from Natuna Regency, Riau Islands in the treatment of inflammation with fewer side effects.
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