Biogas production from various organic wastes such as corn stover can be used as an alternative fuel. Corn stover is one of the agricultural wastes that are widely generated in Indonesia. It contains cellulose which has the potential to be used as raw material for producing biogas. The biogas production process was carried out in solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD), i.e., a biological process that occurs naturally by a microorganism that breaks down molecules of organic material with a total solid content greater than 15%. This research was aimed to investigate the effect of EM-4 concentration on biogas yield. The volatile solids (VS) reduction was also measured in this study. The results of the study showed that EM-4 concentration had a significant effect on biogas yield (p < 0.05). The positive linear relationship was found between EM-4 concentration and biogas yield. The highest biogas yield of 597.98 L/kg VS was obtained at EM-4 15%. The main source of biogas production during SS-AD of corn stover was the reduction of VS.

Biogas telah menjadi bahan bakar alternatif untuk mengurangi kelangkaan bahan bakar fosil. Biogas dapat dihasilkan dari limbah makanan seperti tongkol jagung. Tongkol jagung merupakan biomassa lignoselulosa dan mengandung kandungan total solid (TS) >15%. Produksi biogas dilakukan dengan solid-state anaerobic digestion dengan penambahan co-digestion limbah makanan. Co-digestion berfungsi untuk membantu proses pemecahan tongkol jagung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh persentase limbah makanan, reduksi volatile solid (VS), dan model kinetika produksi biogas dari tongkol jagung. Hasil peneltiian menunjukkan bahwa limbah makanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap yield biogas (p < 0,05). Yield biogas tertinggi sebesar 584,49 mL g-1 VS-1 dan reduksi VS tertinggi sebesar 40% diperoleh pada limbah makanan 20%. Model kinetika produksi biogas dari tongkol jagung dan limbah makanan mengikuti model kinetika orde pertama.Biogas has become an alternative fuel to reduce the lack of fossil fuel. Biogas can be produced from organic wastes such as corn stover. Corn stover is a typical lignocellulosic biomass and contains a total solid (TS) content higher of 15%. Biogas production was conducted by solid-state anaerobic digestion with addition co-digestion of food waste. Co-digestion is useful to help the digestion of corn stover. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of the percentage of food waste, volatile solid (VS) reduction, and kinetic model on biogas production from corn stover. Results showed that food waste had a significant effect on biogas yield (p < 0.05). The highest biogas yield of 584.49 mL g-1 VS-1 and the highest VS reduction of 40% was obtained at food waste of 20%. The kinetic model of biogas production from corn stover and food waste followed the first-order kinetic model.

Perairan estuari Sungai di Kabupaten Cilacap merupakan daerah zona transisi antara daratan dan lautan, sehingga memiliki nilai strategis untuk dilakukan pemanfaatan secara ekonomi dan ekologi dan menjadi daerah yang dimanfaatkan pada berbagai kegiatan industri yang menyebabkan masuknya cemaran seperti logam berat Cu kedaging biota laut seperti ikan belanak, Nilai baku mutu logam Cu yang ditetapkan oleh FAO/WHO yaitu sebesar 1,0 mg/kg. Logam berat dapat diturunkan kadarnya dengan zat yang bersifat sekuestran salah satunya adalah asam sitrat yang berada pada buah belimbing wuluh, hal ini yang akan menyebabkan  logam  kehilangan  sifat ion pada logam berat sehingga  dapat  mengurangi  daya toksisitas logam  tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen. Objek penelitian adalah daging ikan belanak yang di rendam dengan sari belimbing wuluh konsentrasi 25% dan variasi lama perendaman yaitu 15 menit, 30 menit dan 45 menit. Hasil penelitian yaitu Kadar Cu awal 1,64 mg/kg. Prosentase penurunan pada 15 menit 29,7%, 30 menit 57,2% dan 45 menit 75,3%. Lama perendaman yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar Cu pada daging ikan belanak yaitu selama 45 menit sebesar 75,3%. Terdapat pengaruh lama perendaman terhadap penurunan kadar Cu pada daging ikan belanak.

Biogas is an environmentally friendly alternative energy that can be used for energy needs in Indonesia. The effect of total solid (TS) content and feedstock/inoculum (F/I) ratio on biogas production from corn stover by solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) were studied. At a F/I ratio of 2, conversion of corn stover under room temperature resulting in higher biogas yield.

As the largest producer of palm oil, Indonesia has abundant oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), as one of the solid wastes produced from palm oil mill, which utilization has not yet been optimal although it has a potency to be used as feedstock for biofuel and bio-based chemicals. However, due to the recalcitrant characteristic of EFB as lignocellulosic material, EFB conversion into biofuel and bio-based chemicals has been a challenge, especially in regard to its economic viability. To obtain the economically viable of the conversion of EFB, the integrated EFB biorefinery technology concept was proposed to produce multiple products which are precursors for biofuel and bio-based chemicals. This paper presents the integrated EFB biorefinery technology concept, economic analysis of the technology, the role of the technology for circular bioeconomy in Indonesia, and the biorefinery industrialization concept in Indonesia as part of an effort for “Making Indonesia 4.0”.