There is no report of diversity, biological properties and bioactive compounds of sponge-associated fungi from Indonesia's mangrove ecosystem to date. This study was designed to isolate sponge-associated fungi from a mangrove ecosystem in Mangkang, to screen the antimicrobial and extracellular enzyme properties of the isolates, characterize the biologically promising isolates using molecular approaches, and profile the secondary metabolites using phytochemical and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analyses. An unidentified sponge that lived in association with mangrove roots was collected from Mangkang. Total of eight associated fungi were isolated from the sponge. Among all isolates, only two fungi SPMKF 1 and SPMKF 6 produced extracellular amylase, another two fungi SPMKF 4 and 5 showed antibacterial activity against MRSA, and only one fungus SPMKF 8 was able to produce extracellular amylase and show antimicrobial activity against ESBL E. coli, Salmonella enterica ser. Typhi strain MDR and C. albicans, while SPMKF 2, SPMKF 3 and SPMKF 9 did not show any biological properties. The result of genetic

The Semarang city is the capital of the Central Java Province that is experiencing rapid urban growth. Land subsidence in Semarang has been widely reported and its impacts can be seen already in daily life. In order to minimize its damage, land subsidence monitoring is required as a part of natural disaster mitigation. On the other hand, understanding of the subsurface lithology conditions is needed to explore the causes of subsidence in certain areas. One of the methods of monitoring land subsidence is by utilizing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite image which is used in this research. In turn, the subsurface lithology can be studied with the geoelectric methods, one of which is the resistivity method. The purpose of this research is to estimate the land subsidence in the Semarang city using the Sentinel Image Analysis by means of the DInSAR Method and its relation with subsurface lithology studied using the resistivity geoelectric method. The result of the research shows that the average value of subsidence was located in the Genuk District area and Semarang Utara District area which each subsidence value is 9.8 cm/year and 12.7 cm/year. This is because the lithology under the surface of the two locations is clay and silt in a soft condition that is thicker than other locations. The saltwater content contributes to the consolidation process in the lithology. There is a tendency that land subsidence is greater in the port and industrial areas than in other regions, due to building loads.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sinbiotik sebagai aditif pakan ayam petelur terhadap kualitas interior telur. Penelitian ini menggunakan materi ayam ras petelur sebanyak 100 ekor dengan umur 40 minggu. Ayam ras petelur memiliki bobot badan 1,81±0,12 gram. Perlakuan digunakan yaitu penambahan sinbiotik dengan level 0,5%, 1,0%, dan 1,5%. Penelitian ini menggunakan ransum yang terdiri dari bungkil kedelai, jagung, bekatul, meat bone meal, premix dan pakan tambahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan 5 ulangan. Menggunakan 20 unit percobaan yang terdiri dari 5 ekor ayam ras petelur. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan uji duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sinbiotik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap Indeks putih telur, Indeks kuning telur dan haugh unit (P>0,05), sedangkan untuk warna kuning telur berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini penambahan sinbiotik pada level 1,0-1,5% meningkatkan warna kuning telur.Kata kunci: limbah jamu, bakteri asam laktat, sinbiotik, kualitas interior telur ABSTRACTThis study was to determine the effect of synbiotic as a feed additive of laying hens for the interior egg quality. This study used 100 laying hens which are 40 weeks old as the material. The body weight of laying hens are 1.81±0.12 grams. The treatment used in this study was the addition of synbiotic to the level of 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. This study uses a ration that consist of soybean meal, corn, rice bran, meat bone meal, premix and feed supplement. The research method was experiment laboratory using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments consisting of 5 replicates. Using 20 experimental units consisting 5 laying hens. The data was analyzed by using analysis of variance and F test at 5% level. The results showed that the addition of synbiotic did gave significant effect on egg white index, egg yolk index and Haugh units (P> 0.05), while for the color of egg yolk affacted significantly (P <0.05). The conclusion of this study was addition of synbiotic at the level of 1.0-1.5% increase egg yolk color.

Since the hydraulic jump off a tidal bore in the Kampar Estuary has never been well-described, real-time measurements of hydraulic jump properties are crucial to understanding the tidal bore characteristics. This study aims to determine the real-time properties of a tidal bore generation, hydraulic jump, and transport mechanism in the Kampar River estuary. Tidal harmonic and range are analyzed using least-square-based tidal modeling. The tidal bore height and turbulent velocity records based on ADCP surveys in the estuary and upstream area are used to determine the hydraulic jump properties. Furthermore, an acoustic-based approach is also employed to quantify the suspended sediment concentration and flux during the passage of the bore. Kampar Estuary is predominated by semidiurnal co-tidal components (M2 and S2), where, based on the phase lag magnitude, it is categorized as an ebb-dominant estuary. This finding is proven by the more intense and prolonged ebb phases, especially during spring tidal conditions where the tidal range reaches 4 m. Of particular concern, the tidal bore height declines by 1.5 m every 20 km upstream with an erratic turbulent velocity. A sudden increase in transverse and vertical velocity during the passage of bore (ranging from −0.9 to 0.2 m/s) reflects the potency of sediment resuspension in the surrounding river edge marked by the significant increase in suspended sediment flux of about 3.7 times larger than at the end of the ebb tide. However, long-term measurement and regular bathymetry surveys are crucial to monitor the tidal bore behavior and morpho-dynamics in the Kampar River estuary.

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