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We report here the draft genome sequences of two multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains, H31499 and H31506, which were isolated at the Lausanne University Hospital in 2015 from an Albanian and a Togolese patient, respectively.

The aim of this study was to detect extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) in Enterobacteriaceae isolates in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Tlemcen hospital in north-western Algeria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular typing, characterization of ESBL-encoding genes and the genetic environment, conjugation experiments and plasmid analysis were carried out. In all, 28 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were isolated from specimens recovered from patients in the ICU and 2 from surfaces of the unit. Of these, 11 isolates (4 Escherichia coli, 5 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 2 Enterobacter cloacae) produced ESBL of the CT-X-M-15 type. Molecular typing of the isolates showed the clonal nature of 4 K. pneumoniae isolates. The bla CTXM-15 gene was genetically linked to insertion sequence ISEcp1B and was transferable by conjugation from 3 isolates. Regular monitoring of resistance mechanisms, the establishment of a prevention strategy, and more rational and appropriate use of antibiotics are needed.

To find out the average direct hospitalization cost and length of hospital stay for patients infected with Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (CRKp) and compare it with that of patients infected with Carbapenem-sensitive Klebsiella pneumonia (CSKp). MethOds: A cross sectional study was carried out from January-December 2014 and the data for hospitalization cost was collected for the patients with CRKp and CSKp infections from the medicine ICU for 72 patients admitted to the hospital. The data was analyzed for the site of infection, length of stay and average direct hospitalization cost which was then compared between the two groups. Results: During the study period, 101 patients were diagnosed with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. 61.79% of the infections were respiratory, 24.52% urinary tract-related, 13.2% systemic and 0.47% skin and soft tissue-related. The mean age of the study population was 51.7 ± 15.7 years. The median length of stay for CRKp was 12 (11; 23) days as compared to 8 (5.2; 13.2) days in CSKp patients . The median direct hospitalization cost was calculated to be INR 43,274 (24,898; 16,0315) in case of CRKp versus INR 23,452 (12,489; 47,349) in CSKp patients. cOnclusiOns: We observed that the average cost of overall therapy and the average no. of hospitalization days was higher in CRKp group compared to CSKp group. Antibiotic resistance is a growing phenomenon and the resistance to Carbapenems can lead to increased burden of morbidity and treatment cost for patients.