Objective The current study aims to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of Contextual Intervention Adapted For Autism Spectrum Disorders (CI-ASD) in occupational performance of developing ASD children and their mothers' self-efficacy. This intervention includes three components of mothers' coaching, children's sensory processing patterns, and social support of mothers. It is presented through group training sessions and individual coaching sessions using reflective questions and discussions for mothers. This intervention helps mothers to find ways to achieve their therapeutic goals. Materials & Methods This is a single-subject pilot study with ABA interrupted time-series design. The study was conducted on three mothers of children with ASD referred to Navid-e-asr rehabilitation center in Tehran, Iran in spring 2017. The participants were selected based on the inclusion criteria (children aged 3-10 years and having at least one sensory processing problem, mothers with a school diploma or higher and having sufficient ability to understand and speak Persian). We conducted the study for 18 weeks in three stages. At the first stage (baseline), the participants received Treatments As Usual (TAU) for 4 weeks. During the intervention (stage 2), besides TAU, the participants received CI-ASD for 10 weeks, including two sessions of group training for one week and 9 sessions of individualized coaching for 9 weeks. At stage 3 (follow-up), the participants received TAU again for 4 weeks. The intervention was performed by occupational therapists with 20 years of experience in the field of pediatric rehabilitation. Measurements were performed at four phases: before stage 1 (pre-test 1), after stage 1 (pre-test 2), after stage 2 (post-test), and after stage 3 (follow-up). We measured the child's occupational performance by the Canadian occupational performance measure and goal attainment scaling questionnaires. The mothers' self-efficacy was measured by the parent self-efficacy measure. We conducted a semi-structured interview after completing the intervention period to explore the acceptability of treatment and participants' experiences. The data are reported in the form of tables, graphs, and visual analysis of different stages of research. Results Two of three mothers showed considerable improvement in terms of children's occupational perfor

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Objectives: Sensory processing patterns can be related to children's preferences for various activities. Still, our understanding of how different sensory processing patterns are related to children's participation in leisure activities is fairly limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between sensory processing patterns and children's participation in leisure activities. Methods: In this systematic review, the PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses) Guidelines were followed. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, ProQuest, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Medline, OT Seeker, SID, and Healio databases using the following keywords: “Participation”, “leisure”, “play”, “sensory processing”, “sensory integration”, “sensorimotor”, “sensory”, and “children”. A total of 5040 articles were found, of which 5027 were eliminated after the review, and finally, 13 articles were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria; 6 of them entered the meta-analysis process. The meta-analysis was performed using CMA software. Results: The meta-analysis of 6 studies illustrated a significant correlation between the energy level and desire to participate in leisure activities, the auditory-visual sensitivity and willingness to participate in leisure activities, the sensory processing patterns and the intensity of involvement in leisure activities, the general sensory processing and desire to participate in leisure activities, the sensory processing patterns and desire to participate in informal activities, the olfactory sensitivity and desire to participate in leisure activities, the auditory filtering and desire to participate in leisure activities, the sensory processing patterns and enjoyment of participation in leisure activities, and finally sensory processing patterns and desire to participate in recreational activities. Discussion: The evidence in articles on sensory processing patterns and participation in play and leisure activities is inadequate. The only conclusion drawn from all patterns of sensory processing is the significant relationship between these patterns and the preference to participate in recreational activities (which is just one of the several leisure activities).

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Introduction: Identifying the contributing factors to a specific learning disorder and comparing these factors in different types of this disorder will lead to using more proper interventions in the future. Therefore, this study aimed to compare sensory processing skills and perceived motor competence between three groups of students with specific learning disabilities (reading and writing disorders, math disorders, and combination disorders). Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The participants were 48 children (16 in each group, aged 8-12 years). They were selected from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran, by the simple convenience sampling method. The participants’ sensory processing was measured with sensory profile 2 and their perceived motor competency with Marsh perceived motor competence questionnaire. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the three groups in the sensory sensitivity, low registration sensory patterns and processing of tactile, and body position senses (P <0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between groups in other components of sensory processing and perceived motor competence (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that therapeutic interventions in the group with reading and writing disorders should focus on increasing sensory registration and processing of tactile and body position senses and reducing sensory sensitivity in the mathematical group.