Coupled resonant optical waveguide (CROW) gyroscope is an important type of integrated optical gyroscope based on Sagnac effect. However, the traditional CROW design method relying on empirical adjustment of parameters is deficient in achieving its best capability and the poor Sagnac effect of micro-scale devices leads to unsatisfactory performance of integrated devices. Therefore, the present study proposes a new approach to design CROW gyroscope by applying intelligent optimization algorithm(PSO: particle swarm algorithm) to design CROW gyroscope. Three aspects of work will be explored: Fristly, a new evaluation index is proposed to evaluate the efficiency of integrated optical gyroscope area utilization(EGA); Secondly, The performance limits for different losses and the accuracy limits and related parameters that can be achieved by increasing the resonator area at different losses are also explored. Finaly, we designed theoretical performance(The angle random walk) up to 29.1𝑑𝑒𝑔/√ℎ and only 1mm × 1mm in size.

Color displays have become increasingly attractive, with dielectric optical nanoantennas demonstrating especially promising applications due to the high refractive index of the material, enabling devices to support geometry-dependent Mie resonance in the visible band. Although many structural color designs based on dielectric nanoantennas employ the method of artificial positive adjustment, the design cycle is too lengthy and the approach is non-intelligent. The commonly used phase change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) is characterized by high absorption and a small contrast to the real part of the refractive index in the visible light band, thereby restricting its application in this range. The Sb2S3 phase change material is endowed with a wide band gap of 1.7 to 2 eV, demonstrating two orders of magnitude lower propagation loss compared to GST, when integrated onto a silicon waveguide, and exhibiting a maximum refractive index contrast close to 1 at 614 nm. Thus, Sb2S3 is a more suitable phase change material than GST for tuning visible light. In this paper, genetic algorithms and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solutions are combined and introduced as Sb2S3 phase change material to design nanoantennas. Structural color is generated in the reflection mode through the Mie resonance inside the structure, and the properties of Sb2S3 in different phase states are utilized to achieve tunability. Compared to traditional methods, genetic algorithms are superior-optimization algorithms that require low computational effort and a high population performance. Furthermore, Sb2S3 material can be laser-induced to switch the transitions of the crystallized and amorphous states, achieving reversible color. The large chromatic aberration ∆E modulation of 64.8, 28.1, and 44.1 was, respectively, achieved by the Sb2S3 phase transition in this paper. Moreover, based on the sensitivity of the structure to the incident angle, it can also be used in fields such as angle-sensitive detectors.

The development of integrated optical technology and the continuous emergence of various low-loss optical waveguide materials have promoted the development of low-cost, size, weight, and power optical gyroscopes. However, the losses in conventional optical waveguide materials are much greater than those in optical fibers, and different waveguide materials often require completely different etching processes, resulting in severely limited gyroscope performance, which is not conducive to the monolithic integration of gyroscope systems. In this paper, an ultra-low-loss Archimedean spiral waveguide structure is designed for an on-chip integrated optical gyroscope by using the high Q value and low-loss optical characteristics of the bound state in the continuum (BIC). The structure does not require the etching of high-refractive-index optical functional materials, avoiding the etching problem that has been difficult to solve for a long time. In addition, the optical properties of the BIC straight and the BIC bent waveguide are simulated using the finite element method (FEM) to find the waveguide structural parameters corresponding to the BIC mode, which is used to design the integrated sensing coil and analyze the gyroscope performance. The simulation results show that the gyroscope’s sensitivity can reach 0.6699°/s. This research is the first time a BIC optical waveguide has been used for an integrated optical gyroscope, providing a novel idea for the monolithic integration of optical gyroscopes.