Background: PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1) is a regulator of both B cell and T cell differentiation and plays a critical role in immunosuppression. Its role in tumor immunity and correlation with drug response remain unknown.Methods: This work comprehensively analyzed the transcriptional expression pattern of the PRDM1 among 33 types of malignancies from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression projects. Besides, correlation of the PRDM1 with cancer prognosis, immune infiltrates, checkpoint markers, cancer stemness and drug response were explored.Results: High expression level of PRDM1 were observed in ACC, COAD, LAML, LGG, LUAD, OV, PAAD, STAD, TGCT. Cox regression model showed high expression of PRDM1 in tumor samples correlates with poor prognosis in LGG, PAAD, UVM while favorable prognosis in KIRC, SKCM and THCA. PRDM1 expression positively correlates with the expression of LAG3, CTLA4, PDCD1 (PD-1), CD274 (PD-L1), PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2), TIGIT in the majority of 33 cancer types. PRDM1 positively correlated with TNFRSF14 in LGG and UVM among cancers with unfavorable prognosis; this correlation were weak or even negative in cancers with favorable prognosis. The top negatively enriched KEGG terms in high PRDM1 subgroup were B cell receptor signaling, T cell receptor signaling, and the top negatively enriched HALLMARK terms included IL-2-STAT5 signaling and allograft rejection. The expression of PRDM1 was found positively correlated with cancer stemness in CHOL, KIRP, TGCT, THYM and UVM. A series of targeted drugs and small-molecule drugs with promising efficacy predicted by PRDM1 level were identified.Conclusion: The clinical significance and biological impact of high transcriptional expression of PRDM1 differs across different cancers. Inhibiting the PRDM1-dependent signaling could be a novel and promising strategy of immunotherapy in cancers including LGG, PAAD and UVM.

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Background: To investigate the relationship between high-order aberration (HOA) changes and RCST/CT (residual corneal stroma thickness/corneal thickness) after femtosecond LASIK surgery.Methods: A total of 65 eyes from 39 patients with high myopia, who had femtosecond (FS) laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery performed in our hospital, were included in this study. HOA and central corneal thickness were measured preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after FS-LASIK by Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido topography. Residual corneal stroma thickness (RCST) and ablation depth were measured during surgery. Results: Horizontal coma (Z 3 1 ), spherical aberration (Z 4 0 ), second horizontal coma (Z 5 1 ), second horizontal trefoil (Z 5 3 ), pentafoil (Z 5 5 ), second spherical aberration (Z 6 0 ), and total HOAs were significantly increased at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery compared with the preoperative values (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in horizontal trefoil (Z 3 3 ; P>0.05). Furthermore, Z 3 1 , Z 4 0 , and HOAs were significantly increased at 3 months post-surgery compared with the values at 1 week post-operation (P<0.05).Positive correlations were found between ablation depth and Z 6 0 at 1 week and 1 month after surgery (r=0.291 and 0.337, respectively; P<0.05). Ablation depth was positively correlated with Z 4 0 and Z 6 0 at 3 months after surgery (r=0.439 and 0.336, respectively; P<0.05). The RCST/CT was negatively correlated with Z 4 0 , Z 6 0 , and HOAs at 3 months after surgery (r=−0.322, −0.412, and −0.321, respectively; P<0.05). There were no significant correlations between Zernike coefficients in terms of high-order aberration, HOAs, and RCST/ CT at 1 week and 1 month post-surgery.Conclusions: Corneal HOAs in high myopia patients increased significantly after FS-LASIK surgery, and this was mainly observed as increases in coma and spherical aberration. The greater the ablation depth, the larger the influence on spherical aberrations. The greater the RCST/CT, the smaller the influence of HOAs on the cornea.

Negative online public sentiment generated by government mishandling of pandemics and other disasters can easily trigger widespread panic and distrust, causing great harm. It is important to understand the law of public sentiment dissemination and use it in a timely and appropriate way. Using the big data of online public sentiment during the COVID-19 period, this paper analyzes and establishes a cross-validation based public sentiment system dynamics model which can simulate the evolution processes of public sentiment under the effects of individual behaviors and governmental guidance measures. A concrete case of a violation of relevant regulations during COVID-19 epidemic that sparked public sentiment in China is introduced as a study sample to test the effectiveness of the proposed method. By running the model, the results show that an increase in government responsiveness contributes to the spread of positive social sentiment but also promotes negative sentiment. Positive individual behavior suppresses negative emotions while promoting the spread of positive emotions. Changes in the disaster context (epidemic) have an impact on the spread of sentiment, but the effect is mediocre.

Objective: To compare the vessel geometry characteristics of color fundus photographs in normal control and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and to find potential biomarkers for early diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on a neural network vessel segmentation system and automated vascular geometry parameter analysis software. Methods: A total of 102 consecutive patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and 132 healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent general ophthalmic examinations, and retinal fundus photographs were taken with a digital fundus camera without mydriasis. Color fundus photographs were input into a dense-block generative adversarial network (D-GAN)-assisted retinal vascular segmentation system ( http://www.gdcerc.cn:8081/#/login ) to obtain binary images. These images were then analyzed by customized software (ocular microvascular analysis system V2.9.1) for automatic processing of vessel geometry parameters, including the monofractal dimension ( Dbox), multifractal dimension ( D0), vessel area ratio ( R), max vessel diameter ( dmax), average vessel diameter ( dave), arc–chord ratio (A/C), and tortuosity (τn). Geometric differences between the healthy subjects and DM patients were analyzed. Then, regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the vascular geometry parameters. Results: No significant differences were observed between the baseline characteristics of each group. DM patients had lower Dbox and D0 values (1.330 ± 0.041; 1.347 ± 0.038) than healthy subjects (1.343 ± 0.048, p < 0.05; 1.362 ± 0.042, p < 0.05) and showed increasing values of dmax, dave, A/C, and τn compared with normal controls, although only the differences in dave and τn between the groups were statistically significant. In the regression analysis, dave and τn showed a good correlation with diabetes ( dave, OR 1.765, 95% CI 1.319–2.362, p < 0.001; τn, OR 9.323, 95% CI 1.492–58.262, p < 0.05). Conclusions: We demonstrated the relationship between retinal vascular geometry and the process in DM patients, showing that Dbox, D0, dave, and τn may be indicators of morphological changes in retinal vessels in DM patients and can be early biomarkers of DR.