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Despite improvements in the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients, chemotherapy fails in a considerable number of cases due to drug resistance. The development of novel agents may enhance chemosensitivity. This study explored the anticancer function of polydatin and its ability—in combination with paclitaxel—to overcome drug resistance in human osteosarcoma U‐2OS and MG‐63 cell lines. A cell proliferation assay (celll counting kit‐8), a cell‐cycle assay, an apoptosis assay (annexin V‐fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide), and a cell migration assay (Transwell) were used to analyze cell activity. Western blot analysis and quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to examine function‐related mRNA and protein levels. Treatment with polydatin suppressed cell growth and migration in both cell lines. Moreover, polydatin induced cell apoptosis in both parental and paclitaxel‐resistant cells, and cell‐cycle arrest in the S phase. Furthermore, it altered the expression of various proteins associated with cell growth (Ki67, p21, cyclin A, cyclin E, and cyclin‐dependent kinase 2), migration (matrix metalloproteinase‐2 [MMP‐2], MMP‐9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1), apoptosis (poly[ADP‐ribose] polymerase 1 and caspase 3), and drug resistance (p‐glycoprotein 1, lung resistance‐related protein 1, growth arrest and DNA damage‐45α, glutathione S‐transferase π, and heat shock protein 27) in paclitaxel‐resistant osteosarcoma cells. Cells transfected with myr‐Akt caused obvious upregulation and activation of Akt, which were significantly attenuated via polydatin treatment. In conclusion, polydatin may enhance the chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to paclitaxel.

Depression is a complex and biologically heterogeneous disorder. Recent studies have shown that central nervous system (CNS) inflammation plays a key role in the development of depression. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression-like model in mice is commonly used to studying the mechanisms of inflammation-associated depression and the therapeutic effects of drugs. Numerous LPS-induced depression-like models in mice exist and differ widely in animal characteristics and methodological parameters. Here, we systematically reviewed studies on PubMed from January 2017 to July 2022 and performed cardinal of 170 studies and meta-analyses of 61 studies to support finding suitable animal models for future experimental studies on inflammation-associated depression. Mouse strains, LPS administration, and behavioral outcomes of these models have been assessed. In the meta-analysis, forced swimming test (FST) was used to evaluate the effect size of different mouse strains and LPS doses. The results revealed large effect sizes in ICR and Swiss mice, but less heterogeneity in C57BL/6 mice. For LPS intraperitoneal dose, the difference did not affect behavioral outcomes in C57BL/6 mice. However, in ICR mice, the most significant effect on behavioral outcomes was observed after the injection of 0.5 mg/kg LPS. Our results suggests that mice strains and LPS administration play a key role in the evaluation of behavioral outcomes in such models.

Daylight photodynamic therapy (DLPDT) is a novel therapeutic approach for actinic keratoses (AKs). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DLPDT in treating patients with AKs as compared to conventional photodynamic therapy (CPDT). PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before November 2017, based on the following search terms: "solar keratoses", "actinic keratoses", "photodynamic therapy", "daylight photodynamic therapy", "conventional photodynamic therapy", and "randomized". The complete response rate, patient satisfaction, and patient-reported pain after intervention with DLPDT or CPDT were primarily measured. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the reliability of results. Begg's and Egger's tests were used to assess the likelihood of publication bias. Eight RCTs, comprising a total of 424 patients with AKs treated with DLPDT or CPDT, were included. No significant difference was found between the lesion response rate and the mean lesion response in a comparison of DLPDT and CPDT treatments. Generally, DLPDT was associated with higher patient satisfaction than CPDT. The patients who underwent DLPDT experienced less pain than those who underwent CPDT. Most of our results were of high stability and low sensitivity. Meanwhile, no statistical evidence of publication bias among studies was found under all comparisons. In conclusion, DLPDT is a safe and effective therapy, which could help in selecting the most appropriate therapeutic method for treating AKs and in guiding physicians to optimize treatment strategies.