Studies that have investigated the potential protective=risk factors for alcohol drinking in Bosnia and Herzegovina and surrounding countries are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the gender-specific protective=risk factors for harmful alcohol drinking among adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study sample was composed of 1,015 17-to 18-year-old adolescents (426 boys and 589 girls). The logistic analysis predictors were as follows: parental monitoring, parents' education, and sport factors. Among boys, individual sports participation, higher paternal education, and lower self-reported conflict with parents were protective factors against harmful drinking. Among girls, higher conflict with parents was the single significant risk factor for harmful alcohol drinking.

Cavar, M, Marsic, T, Corluka, M, Culjak, Z, Cerkez Zovko, I, Müller, A, Tschakert, G, and Hofmann, P. Effects of 6 weeks of different high-intensity interval and moderate continuous training on aerobic and anaerobic performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-To provide practical data, we compared the training effects of 3 different programs, using a shuttle run stimulus, on aerobic and anaerobic performance, measured using the 20-m maximal shuttle run (Beep) test and 300-yd shuttle run, respectively. Forty-five physically trained men, with a mean age of 21.1 ± 1.8 years, participated. The 6-week, 12-session training programs included 2 high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols, with either a short (SH) or long (LH) shuttle run interval, and a continuous shuttle run (CON), which was used as a control. The training intensity was based on the maximal shuttle run speed (MASS), measured on the Beep test, to elicit the relevant values of the time to exhaustion (TTE). Short (SH) training was performed at 115-120%(MASS), with a 10-second work to 10-second rest scheme, and the number of repetitions to be completed set to 70% of each participant's maximum (∼15 repetitions). LH training was performed at an intensity of 90-95%(MASS), with the duration set to 70%(TTE) (∼4 minutes). For both SH and LH, 3 sets were completed at each session, with a 2-3 minutes of rest between sets. CON training consisted of continuous shuttle running for 35 minutes at an intensity of 70%(MASS). Both SH and LH yielded a large training effect (p < 0.01), with SH preferentially improving anaerobic performance and LH preferentially improving aerobic performance. No effect of CON training was identified. Our findings indicate that these different training protocols cannot be used interchangeably and that the Beep test is useful in prescribing the intensity and duration of HIIT.

Strength of religious faith (SRF) is rarely studied as a protective factor against substance use and misuse in sports. Herein, we studied the potential buffering effect of the complex socio-educational, sports, and religiousness factors in the protection against substance use and misuse, including cigarettes, analgesics, appetite suppressants, potential doping behavior, and binge drinking. The sample of subjects included 40 high-class female athletes (22-26 years of age). Using a strictly anonymous questionnaire, we investigated different social, educational, and sports factors (including SRF measured by the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire) in relation to substance use and misuse. Following the calculation of simple correlations, multiple regression analysis revealed that in combination with low sports experience, SRF has a significant buffering effect against binge alcohol drinking and consumption of appetite suppressants. The data are discussed in comparison with previous findings and theoretical background. Future studies should study the topic while observing samples of recreational and competitive athletes of both genders.

The forward-sprint is considered to be, and is regularly performed as, a unique measure of “on-ground” linear-speed performance. Thus far, no investigation has simultaneously studied different forms of linear-speed or investigated whether different forms of linear-speed should be observed as unique performance quality. The purpose of this study was to determine (I) the achievements (i.e. execution time), and (II) the reliability and inter-relationships between various linear-speed performances. The participants were 42 male physical education students with substantial sport-specific backgrounds. We applied a total of six tests: three quadrupedal (supine backward, supine forward, and pronate backward locomotion) and three bipedal-performances (forward sprinting, backward sprinting, lateral shuffling). All of the tests showed appropriate reliability parameters (Cronbach Alpha ranged from 0.91 to 0.97; Inter-Item-R 0.78–0.92; Coefficient-of-Variation 1.3–9.1). The tests used in this study shared between 9% and 50% of the common variance. Our results suggest that different activities require activity-specific tests of linear-speed. This is particularly significant in those sports and activities in which quadrupedal locomotion patterns are highly important (wrestling, physically trained military services, law enforcement, fire and rescue, protective services).

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between personality dimensions according to the Big-Five model of personality and the success of high school students in physical education. A sample of participants consisted of 100 high school students at the age of 16 and 17. For the measurement of personality dimensions according to the Big-Five model of personality the IPIP100 questionnaire was used, which covers five broad dimensions: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional stability and Intellect. The success of students in physical education was defined by the average score at the half-term in five areas that are standardly scored during that course. Data analyzed by regression analysis indicate that personality dimensions of the Big-Five personality model significantly predict success in physical education. It was established that the male students' success in physical education was significantly predicted by the dimension of Conscientiousness, and negatively by the dimension of Extraversion, while the female students' success in physical education was significantly predicted by the dimensions of Conscientiousness and Emotional stability. The results also indicate that male students achieved higher scores on Extraversion and Emotional stability scales and the female students on Agreeableness scale.Key words: high school students; personality dimensions; physical education. --- SažetakCilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi povezanost osobina ličnosti i uspjeha u nastavi tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture kod srednjoškolaca. Uzorak sudionika sastojao se od 100 učenika srednjih škola dobi od 16 i 17 godina. Kao mjera dimenzija ličnosti prema velepetorom modelu upotrijebljen je upitnik IPIP100, koji obuhvaća pet dimenzija: ekstraverziju, ugodnost, savjesnost, emocionalnu stabilnost i intelekt. Uspjeh u nastavi tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture definiran je prosjekom ocjena na polugodištu iz pet područja koja se standardno provjeravaju u predmetu tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture. Podaci koji su obrađeni regresijskom analizom ukazuju na to da dimenzije ličnosti velepetorog modela značajno predviđaju uspjeh u tjelesnoj i zdravstvenoj kulturi. Kod učenika je utvrđeno da uspjeh u nastavi značajno predviđa dimenzija savjesnosti, a negativno dimenzija ekstraverzije, dok kod učenica uspjeh u nastavi značajno predviđaju dimenzije savjesnosti i emocionalne stabilnosti. Rezultati također ukazuju na to da su učenici postigli više rezultate na skali ekstraverzije i emocionalne stabilnosti, a učenice na skali ugodnosti.Ključne riječi:osobine ličnosti; tjelesna i zdravstvena kultura; učenici