Two randomised control experiments examined spelling outcomes in a repeated measures design (pre‐test, post‐tests; 1‐day, 1‐month follow‐up, 5‐month follow‐up), where students learned Spanish irregular words through (1) immediate feedback using self‐correction, (2) visual imagery where children imagine and represent words using movement, and (3) copying words. The two control groups engaged in reading and dictation. We expected that methods with kinesthetic components and segmentation of stimuli would yield better orthographic representations in memory. Results showed that orthographic errors on Spanish irregular words diminish when children receive self‐correction instruction. Imagery and copy instruction also reduce these errors, but less consistently. Five months later, self‐correction group maintained their advantage in spelling compared with students who read or performed dictation. Experiment 2 replicated the spelling instruction effects and showed large effects on children who had hardly received any spelling instruction in Spanish. Results indicate that research‐based practices can significantly improve spelling outcomes in primary children.
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el conocimiento que sobre primeros auxilios posee el profesorado de educación infantil y primaria. Numerosos accidentes ocurren cada año en los centros escolares, por lo que conocer la capacidad del profesorado para responder ante situaciones de urgencia resulta esencial. Se aplica una prueba estandarizada a un total de 361 docentes. Los resultados muestran que, en general, el profesorado no está adecuadamente cualificado para atender situaciones de urgencia en la escuela, aunque se constatan diferencias significativas entre quienes han recibido formación sobre el tema y los que no. Tras llevar a cabo análisis jerárquicos se obtienen diferentes perfiles del profesorado con distintos grados de formación. Las conclusiones sugieren la necesidad de incorporar formación sobre primeros auxilios en los estudios de grado de magisterio, así como de ofertar cursos de formación permanente que pongan especial atención en la reanimación cardiopulmonar.
El presente estudio se desarrolla en el marco de la escuela inclusiva y presenta los resultados de una experiencia innovadora del uso del cine para la asignatura de Educación Plástica, Visual y Audiovisual. El objetivo del estudio es informar y sensibilizar al alumnado sin discapacidad de la realidad y las necesidades que el alumnado con discapacidad visual (AcDv) presenta y, de esta forma, desarrollar actitudes positivas hacia dicho colectivo. Para medir la actitud, se administra un cuestionario con escala Likert a 31 adolescentes de 1º de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria antes y después de la intervención. La intervención se desarrolla a lo largo de 4 horas y el núcleo de esta consiste en la proyección de una escena cinematográfica privando al alumnado del sentido de la vista y la posterior elaboración de un storyboard. Los resultados muestran que el alumnado presenta diferencias significativas en la actitud, tanto las chicas como los chicos mejoran la actitud hacia el AcDv. Con ello, se concluye que tanto la información proporcionada como el uso del cine con privación visual y la realización del storyboard aumentan el conocimiento y la sensibilidad hacia el AcDv y generan cambios de actitud hacia dicho colectivo.
Accessible Summary We talked to students with spina bifida and their families about how to improve their schooling. We identified five areas for improvement: accessibility, times of transition, personal attitude, educational response and coordinated work. They told us that coordinated work between professionals is essential to facilitate their schooling. Abstract BackgroundMore and more voices have pointed out the need to improve the quality of life of people with rare diseases. Given the diversity of this group, we wanted to focus on the educational context for students with spina bifida (SB). The purpose was to analyse these people's experiences in the school context with the aim of fostering good practices resulting in higher quality education. MethodologyIt was conducted based on the qualitative methodology of focus groups to give a voice to students with SB and their families. ResultsWe identified five areas for improvement: accessibility, times of transition, personal attitude, educational response and coordinated work. ConclusionsThe main conclusion was that the responsibility for educational needs lies not only with the teacher or the school. It is necessary to work together, not only on the part of professionals in the educational context, but also between professionals from different contexts (educational, medical and social) and between school and families.
En España, la legislación educativa (LOMCE, 2013) incluye la necesidad de formar al alumnado en Primeros Auxilios y la investigación señala la importancia de conocer las técnicas de Reanimación Cardiopulmonar (RCP). En este contexto, con el objetivo de evaluar el conocimiento del profesorado de infantil y primaria (N=361) en RCP se realiza un estudio descriptivo aplicando un cuestionario dividido en dos partes: datos demográficos y preguntas relacionadas con el conocimiento teórico en primeros auxilios. Los resultados referentes a RCP señalan que el profesorado no tiene conocimientos, no existiendo diferencias significativas en relación con la edad, el género, con los estudios realizados ni con el tiempo de trabajo (p>0,05). Sólo existen diferencias significativas si se ha realizado un curso en primeros auxilios o no. En base a los resultados se concluye que es necesario formar en primeros auxilios poniendo especial atención en la reanimación cardiopulmonar tanto al alumnado de los grados de educación infantil y primaria como al profesorado en activo. Abstract. In Spain the educational legislation (LOMCE, 2013) includes the need to train students in First Aids and research indicates the importance of knowing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) techniques. In this context, with the aim of evaluating the knowledge of infant a primary school teacher (N=361) in CPR, a descriptive study is carrying out using questionnaire divided into two parts is applied: demographic data and questions related to theoretical knowledge in first aid. The results indicate that the teachers do not have knowledge in CPR and there are not significant differences with regard to age, gender, education and work experience (p>.05). There is a significant difference between those who have taken a course in first aid and those who have not. Based on the results, it is concluded that it is necessary to train in first aid, paying special attention to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, both for students in infant and primary education grades and for active teachers.
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