In this research, a pyrolysis reactor with a capacity of 5 kg has been designed. Innovation in the pyrolysis reactor is the adsorbents that are used (lime CaCO3 + iron fiber Fe2O3) in the reactor. This study aims to determine the optimal reaction conditions. Tests carried out at 200-400°C temperature intervals and a range of 40-90 minutes. The best product is 86.40% liquid yield at 350°C with a processing time of 90 minutes. ASTM distillation studies of the oil produced showed that 67% fraction was in the range of the light naphtha, 12% fraction was in the range of heavy naphtha and 21% fraction was in the range of the medium naphtha. Comparing the physical parameters of the sample oil with standard fuels, it was observed that the fractions collected were in the range of gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil. This research contributes significantly to increasing knowledge about the feasibility of pyrolysis, providing opportunities for the recycling sector to spread take-off systems, in the Circular Economy.

This study aims to examine catalytic pyrolysis with activated natural zeolites. A pyrolysis reactor with three levels of separator as a result of development was used to study the catalytic pyrolysis of plastic waste into liquid fuel at intervals of 200 -400 oC and operating time of 30-90 minutes. As the object, a mixture of plastic bottles of highdensity polyethylene (HDPE) and polystyrene (Styrofoam) was used, sized 5-10 mm2 The results showed that the application of 3 levels of separator and Zeolite ZAA as a catalyst in the catalytic conversion of a mixture of polyethylene and polystyrene (Styrofoam) had the effect of shortening the reaction time and increasing the production of oil yield. Physiochemical studies of all fractions showed that the fractions concerned had gasoline properties, kerosene or diesel. The composition of the fractions produced by the top, medium and bottom separator showed an increase in the percentage of heavier hydrocarbons that tended to go to the bottom separator. At the optimal reaction temperature conditions of 350 oC for 90 minutes, a range of gasoline (C5-C10) hydrocarbons was produced at 55.17% in the top separator with a total conversion of 97.20%. This study contributes significantly to increasing knowledge about the feasibility of catalytic pyrolysis for the conversion of plastic waste into liquid fuel for people who do plastic waste processing industries in potential areas.

The increase in population has increased the need for fuel oil and gas, our fossil energy reserve is increasingly decreasing, while its needs continue to increase. This fact opens up a chance to use renewable energy and reduce the use of fossil fuels. In addition to the depletion of the number of fossil fuels, other important reasons for reducing its use are environmental damage issues, ongoing prices, and greater subsidization burden. To overcome the situation, can be pursued in two ways. First reducing the level of consumption and both continue to develop other alternative energy sources, especially renewable energy sources. Lately emerged various findings. Ranging from cassava, sweet potatoes, to corn that is processed into bioethanol. But on its way, the development of the fuel is often burp. The clash with food needs is one of the challenges. While the crop fails and the land needed to be another problem that cannot be underestimated, especially amid the issue of global warming. BioEthanol itself is processed from carbohydrates or starch contained in natural materials. During this time bioethanol is produced by many food crops such as corn, cassava, and sweet potatoes. In fact, these materials are still needed as a support for foodstuffs. Through this study, the author lifted the green algae (Cladophora sp) as one of the alternative solutions in the production of bioethanol which can someday become an alternative fuel. This is because green algae (Cladophora sp) are scattered everywhere and the Carbohydrates content is quite high i.e. 52.54-60.98% (Khuantrairong et al., 2011). In this research researchers utilize the green algae to produce alternative fuels by looking at how the H2SO4 solvent concentration affects the resulting product.