No abstract

The possibility of muropeptides obtaining of peptidoglycans of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus B-3964 cell walls by the combination of the use of autolytic processes and enzyme treatment of biomass with the participation of lysozyme and papain has been considered. It has been established that the most significant autolytic changes in biomass occur in the application of high-temperature processing (90°C for 30 minutes) in the final stage of the logarithmic phase of bacterial growth. Thus, after eighth hour of biomass incubation at 37°C, the amino acid content in the culture medium was 1.8 mg/cm3, and at 90°C it was 5.7 mg/cm3. In order to further destruction of biomass autolysate and obtaining of low molecular weight peptidoglycan fragments, the process of its enzymatic hydrolysis was studied with lysozyme and papain separately and at their combination. The highest content of low molecular weight peptides in the reaction medium occurred at enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus B-3964 by the composition of enzymes at a ratio of lysozyme : papain 1:2. At a concentration of enzymes 10 mg/cm3, the content of low molecular weight peptides was 7.2 mg/cm3 after eighth hour of incubation of the reaction mixture. The results of studies have been shown that the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of autolysates is much higher. Thus, the amount of low molecular weight peptides in the hydrolysate obtained by processing the autolysate with the composition of lysozyme : papain 1:2 at an enzymes concentration 10 mg/cm3 and the duration of the process for 8 hours by 36% higher than for similar hydrolysis parameters without the use of the process of autolysis.The method of gel chromatography was proved that in the hydrolysate there are fractions of protein compounds with a molecular weight in the range of 70–90 kDa, 30–40 kDa and 294–650 Da. The molecular weight of the latter fraction corresponds to the mass of the muramyl dipeptide. The presence of muropeptides was proved by reaction with the Anthron reagent.

Способ производства пищевого полуфабриката из цельной крови убойных животных [Текст] /Т.Л. Корчагина, В.М. Киселев, Т.М. Шухова (СССР).-№ 467 Б 934 / 13; заявл. 27.01.89; опубл. 30.04.89, Бюл. № 17. 5. Жаринов, А.И. Полифункциональное использование плазмы крови и белоксодержащих систем на её основе в технологии мясопродуктов: дис. … на соискание ученой степени д-р техн. наук [Текст] /А.И. Жаринов.-М., 1991.-498 с. 6. «Гемобин»-противоанемическая биологически активная добавка нового поколения [Текст] /[С.Л.

Зазначено, що складові пептидогліканів клітинних стінок бактерій, у тому числі молочнокислих, володіють високою функціонально-фізіологічною активністю і є вельми перспективними харчовими імунотропними інгредієнтами. Доцільною є деструкція бактеріальних клітин з метою отримання біологічно активних сполук, здатних легше засвоюватися і вступати в біохімічні процеси, прискорюючи очікуваний імунотропний ефект. У роботі вивчено вплив фізичних дезінтегруючи факторів, а саме, ультразвуку та мікрохвиль НВЧ, на ефективність деструкції клітинних стінок Lactobacillus acidophilus. Надано порівняльну характеристику дезінтегратів бактеріальної маси (БМ) Lactobacillus acidophilus, отриманих із застосуванням ультразвуку та мікрохвиль НВЧ. Показано, що більш ефективним методом фізичної деструкції бактеріальних клітин є обробка ультразвуком. Встановлено молекулярно-масовий розподіл сполук білкової природи та вміст незамінних амінокислот у складі дезінтеграту, отриманого шляхом обробки БМ ультразвуком.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria (BB) are unique substances that have a lot of biological and physiological effects. Structural components of LAB and BB – peptidoglycans, compounds of the muramylpeptide series, teichoic acids – have powerful immunological properties. Metabolites of LAB and BB – organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins, etc. – provide antagonistic activity, have an indirect impact on the immune system, reducing the antigenic load caused by pathogenic microorganisms. The expediency of peptidoglycans degradation of LAB and BB cell walls is substantiated. Low molecular weight products of the degradation can easily be absorbed and enter into biochemical processes, accelerating the expected functional-physiological effect. To obtain low-molecular products of peptidoglycans degradation, a combination of LAB and BB was used. The combination of LAB and BB is the sum of the test cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactococcus cremoris, Streptococcus termophilus. Destruction of peptidoglycans of bacterial cell walls was carried out using a combination of disintegrating factors. The efficiency of destruction was determined by the accumulation of low molecular weight peptides (with molecular weight up to 1500 Da), amino acids and soluble protein in the disintegrate. It has been established that the highest accumulation of low molecular weight degradation products occurs when using autolysis followed by enzymatic hydrolysis during 180 min with the ratio of the enzyme : substrate 1 : 100. At the same time ≈ 53% of protein substances pass from insoluble to soluble state. The molecular weight of the obtained products is determined by the gel chromatography method. The qualitative and quantitative content of organic acids, amino acids and vitamins of group В in the hydrolysis products composition was investigated. It was shown that the obtained product possesses high biological effect in the experiment on animals.