Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world due to its wide geographical adaptation and nutritional value.The use of high-quality seeds of the best varieties being adapted to local growing conditions is an important requirement for increasing wheat yields. The purpose of this research was to establish the influence of preceding crops and sowing dates on yield and seed sowing quality of winter bread wheat varieties. On average, maximum yield capacity in 2016-2018 was obtained in the variety Trudivnytsia myronivska (7.41 t/ha) when sowing on 15 September after green manure, the minimum yield was in the variety MIP Kniazhna (4.03 t/ha) when sowing on 15 October after soybean as preceding crop. Shifting the sowing dates to later ones led to decrease in yield capacity by 0.97 and 0.62 t/ha after the preceding crops green manure and soybean, respectively. After the preceding crop soybean, the maximum yield (5.77 t/ha) was formed by the variety MIP Valensiia when sowing on 25 September. By ANOVA it was found that the level of wheat yield was the most significantly affected by hydrothermal conditions of the year (63%), the interaction "preceding crop × conditions of the year" (12%) and preceding crop (11%). It was revealed that an increase in weight of 1000 seeds in the varieties on average was 3.9 g after the preceding crop green manure in comparison with the preceding crop soybean. There was a slight effect of preceding crops and sowing dates on seed vigor and laboratory germination. These rates were slightly higher for early and optimal sowing dates after green manure as compared with the soybean. Thus, it was confirmed that in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe green manure is the best preceding crop for seed production, especially for growing pre-basic seeds, while 15 and 25 September are the best sowing dates. For the preceding crop soybean, when sowing on 25 September and 05 October, the yield of wheat varieties was the highest in comparison with sowing on 15 October. Locations of winter wheat seed crops after the best preceding crops in crop rotation and optimal sowing dates will promote the most efficient using of climatic and anthropogenic factors, increase grain yield per area unit, and improve seed sowing quality.

Âñòàíîâèòè âïëèâ åêîëîã³÷íèõ óìîâ ³ ïîïåðåäíèê³â íà âðîaeàéí³ñòü, ïîñ³â-í³ ÿêîñò³ òà âðîaeàéí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ íàñ³ííÿ ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿. Ìåòîäè. Ëàáîðàòîðíèé (âèçíà÷åííÿ âèõîäó íàñ³ííÿ, ìàñè 1000 íàñ³íèí, åíåð㳿 ïðîðîñòàííÿ, ëàáîðàòîðíî¿ ñõîaeîñò³ òà ìîðôîòèï³â çàðîäê³â), âèì³ðþâàëüíî-âàãîâèé (óðîaeàéí³ñòü), ìàòåìàòè÷-íî¿ ñòàòèñòèêè (îö³íêà äîñòîâ³ðíîñò³ ðåçóëüòàò³â äîñë³äaeåíü). Ïîëüîâ³ äîñë³äaeåííÿ ³ç ñîðòàìè ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ Ïîäîëÿíêà, Ñìóãëÿíêà, Ãîñïîäèíÿ ìèðîí³âñüêà, Ì²Ï Âèøèâàíêà, Òðóä³âíèöÿ ìèðîí³âñüêà, Ì²Ï Êíÿaeíà, Ìèðîí³âñüêà ñëàâà, Âåaeà ìèðîí³âñüêà ïðîâîäèëè âïðîäîâae 2014-2017 ðð. íà ïîëÿõ Ìèðîí³âñüêîãî ³íñòèòóòó ïøåíèö³. Ðåçóëüòàòè. Àíàë³ç äàíèõ çáîðó çåðíà ç îäèíèö³ ïîñ³âíî¿ ïëîù³ â ðîêè íàéâèùîãî ³ íèçüêîãî âðîaeàþ ïîêàçóº, ùî íåçâàaeàþ÷è íà ð³çí³ óìîâè çâîëîaeåííÿ âèÿâëåíà çà-êîíîì³ðí³ñòü ùîäî âïëèâó ïîïåðåäíèê³â ïðàêòè÷íî çáåð³ãàºòüñÿ. Çà ðîêè äîñë³äaeåíü íàéâèùó âðîaeàéí³ñòü ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ (6,0 ò/ãà) îòðèìàíî ïî ïîïåðåäíèêó ñèäåðàëüíèé ïàð. Äîñë³äaeóþ÷è ïîñ³âí³ ÿêîñò³ íàñ³ííÿ ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿, âèÿâèëè, ùî ñåðåä ïî-ïåðåäíèê³â, ÿê³ âèâ÷àëèñÿ (ñîÿ, ñèäåðàëüíèé ïàð, êóêóðóäçà íà ñèëîñ), âèõ³ä íàñ³ííÿ òà ìàñà 1000 íàñ³íèí ó ñåðåäíüîìó çà òðè ðîêè (2015-2017) íàéâèùèìè áóëè ïî ñèäåðàëüíîìó ïàðó (76,4 % òà 43,2 ã), íàéíèae÷èìè -ïî êóêóðóäç³ íà ñèëîñ (71,7 % òà 40,4 ã). Âèçíà÷àþ÷è åíåðã³þ ïðîðîñòàííÿ òà ëàáîðàòîðíó ñõîae³ñòü çàëåaeíî â³ä ïîïåðåäíèê³â, ñóòòºâî¿ ð³çíèö³ íå âèÿâèëè, àëå â³äçíà÷èëè, ùî íèae÷èìè âîíè áóëè â íåñïðèÿòëèâîìó çà óìîâàìè âèðîùóâàííÿ 2017 ð. Îòðèìàí³ äàí³ ïîêàçóþòü, ùî ôîðìóâàííÿ ìîðôîòè-ï³â çàðîäê³â ó ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ çàëåaeèòü â³ä ïîïåðåäíèêà. Òàê, íàñ³ííÿ, âèðîùåíå ïî ñèäåðàëüíîìó ïàðó, ìàëî íàéâèùó îö³íêó çà âðîaeàéíèìè âëàñòèâîñòÿìè (78,2 áàëà), à ïî ïîïåðåäíèêó êóêóðóäçà íà ñèëîñ -íàéíèae÷ó (70,5 áàëà). Âèñíîâêè. Ïðàâèëüíå ðîçì³ùåííÿ íàñ³ííèöüêèõ ïîñ³â³â ïøåíèö³ îçèìî¿ â ñ³âîçì³í³ ñïðèÿº á³ëüø åôåêòèâíîìó âèêîðèñòàííþ ïðèðîäíèõ, êë³ìàòè÷íèõ ³ á³îëîã³÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â, ÿê³ ïîçèòèâíî âïëèâàþòü íà âðîaeàéí³ñòü òà ïîñ³âí³ ÿêîñò³ ³ âðîaeàéí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ íàñ³ííÿ. Íàìè äîâåäåíî, ùî â çîí³ Ïðàâîáåðåaeíîãî ˳ñîñòåïó êðàùèì ïîïåðåäíèêîì äëÿ íàñ³ííèöüêèõ ïîñ³â³â, îñîáëèâî äëÿ âèðîùóâàííÿ äîáàçîâîãî íàñ³ííÿ, º ñèäåðàëüíèé ïàð.Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ïøåíèöÿ îçèìà, âðîaeàéí³ñòü, ïîïåðåäíèêè, ïîñ³âí³ ÿêîñò³, âðî-aeàéí³ âëàñòèâîñò³ Вступ. Озима пшениця порівняно з іншими культурами є найбільш вимогливою до попередників, від яких, здебільшого, залежить забез-

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Introduction. High-quality varietal seeds, which can ensure a gain of 0.2–0.4 t/ha in the yields from their offspring, is one of the most important and cost-effective means to increase the gross grain collection of grain. Purpose. To study productive capacities of spring wheat seeds depending on treatment of fields with fungicides and insecticides. Materials and methods. The following indicators were evaluated: swelling activity, germination energy, laboratory germinability, initial growth strength, coleoptile length and the number of radicles. Seed samples that after pesticide treatment had showed the best results were tested in field experiments for productive capacities. The experimental plot area was 10 m2, in six replications. Seeds were sown with a seeder SN-10Ts after soybean with a seeding rate of 5 million germinable seeds per hectare. Spring wheat seeds produced in the experimental plots, which were treated with fungicides Akula (0.6 L/ha) and Soligor 425 EC (0.6 L/ha) and insecticides Fas (0.15 L/ha) and Karate Zeon 050 CS (0.15 L/ha) in organogenesis stages VI, VIII and X, were evaluated for productive capacities. The study was carried out on varieties MIP Zlata, Bozhena, MIP Raiduzhna and Diana. Results and discussion. Over the study years, the gain in the yields of spring wheat varieties grown from seeds of fungicide-treated plants was 0.23–0.36 t/ha; the gain in the yields of spring wheat varieties grown from seeds of insecticide-treated plants was – 0.24-0.31 t/ha. Pesticide-treated parental plants produced seeds with increased productive capacities: when such seeds were sown, the field germinability increased by 3-5%, and the plant survival – by 5-7%. Conclusions. The results indicate that the treatment of vegetating plants of spring wheat varieties in seed plots with fungicides and insecticides is a reliable way to obtain seeds with high productive capacities

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