The aim of this study is to study the characteristics of the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes and blood serum in patients with IBD associated with the stage of the disease, followed by the determination of biomarkers that are significant for determining the activity of IBD.Materials and methods. We examined 109 patients (mean age 37.7 ± 11.7 years, 59 women, 50 men) with IBD and 53 examined comparison groups (mean age 43.3 ± 11.7 years). The group of patients with IBD included patients with ulcerative colitis -50 people, with Crohn's disease -41 people and 18 patients with unclassified colitis. 36 patients were examined in dynamics during the year. Taking into account the dynamics, 109 cases of exacerbation of IBD and 36 cases of disease remission were identified. The study of the composition of fatty acids Er and SA was carried out using a GC / MS system based on three Agilent 7000B quadrupoles (USA).Results.. In patients with IBD, an increase in the content of saturated fatty acids (mainly due to palmitic, stearic fatty acids) during the period of exacerbation of the disease compared with healthy individuals was revealed, followed by a decrease in the onset of remission (p <0.05). The total content of unsaturated fatty acids is significantly lower in patients with IBD in the exacerbation stage compared to the control group КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИцИНА 161 Серия: Естественные и технические науки №5 май 2021 г.

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The aim of this work is to study the features of the electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, unclassified colitis), taking into account the stage of the disease for possible use in differential diagnosis.The electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were studied using dielectrophoresis in 109 patients with IBD, mean age 37,7 + 11,7 years (50 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 41 with Crohn’s disease (CD), 18 with unclassified colitis (UCC) and 53 conditionally healthy, comparable in age and sex with the main groups.Red blood cells of individuals with IBD differed from those in the comparison group by a smaller average diameter, an increased proportion of deformed, spherocytic cells with a changed surface character with a reduced ability to deform, a lower level of surface charge of cells, an altered membrane structure with an increased ability to conduct electric current, prone to destruction and the formation of aggregates (p <0,0001–0,05).Analysis in individual groups with IBD in the acute stage, taking into account the therapy, revealed significant differences between the forms of IBD: in patients with Crohn’s disease, in contrast to patients with UC, red blood cells had lower values of the amplitude of deformation, capacity, dipole moment, and velocity of movement of cells towards electrodes, the proportion of discocytes, polarizability at most of the frequencies of the electric field (p <0,00001–0,05). On the contrary, the summarized indicators of rigidity, viscosity, electrical conductivity, aggregation and destruction indices were higher in CD than in UC (p <0,0001–0,05). CD patients had a greater number of deformed cells with altered surface character (p <0,00001).The features of the electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes in patients with differentnosological forms of IBD can be used for the differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in case of colon lesions, in the long term — for verification of the diagnosis in unclassified colitis.

Purpose of the work: to present a method for diagnosing the activity of inflammatory bowel diseases based on a combination of electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes and the level of fecal calprotectin.Materials and methods. We examined 109 patients (37.7±11.7 years) with IBD (50 with ulcerative colitis, 41 with Crohn’s disease, 18 patients with unclassified colitis), of which 36 patients were examined in dynamics for 0.5–1 years, and 53 surveyed comparison groups. Taking into account the observation in dynamics in 109 cases, the presence of exacerbation of IBD was established and in 36 cases — remission of the diseases. The electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were studied by dielectrophoresis. The level of fecal calprotectin was determined by ELISA (R-Biopharm, Germany).Results. Differentiating values have been established for a number of erythrocyte parameters: average cell diameter, polarizability at a frequency of 106 Hz, the velocity of movement of cells towards electrodes, amplitude of erythrocyte deformation at a frequency of 106 Hz, the summarized indicators of rigidity, viscosity, electrical conductivity, position of the crossover frequency and the level of fecal calprotectin to distinguish patients with IBD in stages of exacerbation and remission. The proposed method for the combined use of erythrocyte parameters and the level of fecal calprotectin provided sufficient diagnostic accuracy: sensitivity 91.9%, specificity 93.1%, accuracy index 92.3%. The advantages of this approach are minimally invasiveness, high productivity, independence of the definition from the qualifications and experience of a specialist, low cost and labor intensity, and acceptability for the patient. This approach allows to establish the presence of exacerbation or remission, regardless of the nosological form of IBD.Conclusion. The combined use of electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes and the level of fecal calprotectin is promising for determining the activity of the disease in patients with IBD.