AIM. To develop a methodology for the physical rehabilitation of elderly men with sarcopenia taking into account individual characteristics and somatotype. MATERIAL AND METHODS. A comprehensive anatomical-anthropological and instrumental (bioimpedance analysis) examination of 198 men aged 61 to 75 years (68±3.27 years) suffering from sarcopenia was carried out. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the method of physical rehabilitation. The duration of the rehabilitation programs was 12 weeks. The obtained results were compared with the indices of medical and biological state of 37 elderly men without sarcopenia signs (Group III). Somatotyping of all study participants was carried out according to the classification proposed by V.M. Chernorutsky. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Normosthenic patients predominated (group I – 46%, group II – 47%, group III – 67%), astenics in groups I and II amounted to 27.5%, in group III – 25%. The number of hypersthenic in group III was 8%, that was 17% and 19% less than in groups I and II, respectively. After 12 weeks no significant differences between groups II and III in the main indices had been revealed. The body mass index of men of group I was 1.04 and 1.07 times lower than in groups II and III, respectively. The difference in carpal strength between groups I and III was 4.9±1.34 kg (15.41%; P < 0.05), while the difference in that index between groups II and III (1.88 kg or 5.9%) were reliably insignificant (P > 0.05). The complete absence of signs of disease was found in 29 patients (32.5%) in group II and in 16 patients (14.7%) in group I, thedifference between the groups being 17.9%. CONCLUSION. Sarcopenia is characteristic of hypersthenic males. Somatotyping is an accessible rapid diagnostic tool that allows us to identify groups of patients prone to sarcopenia.

Цель исследования: оценить функциональное состояние студенток спортивного отделения университета, занимающихся легкой атле тикой, на предсоревновательном этапе годового тренировочного цикла. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на кафедре физиче ской культуры и спорта Ярославского государственного медицинского университета. В нем приняли участие 14 студенток из секции легкой атлетики (экспериментальная группа) и 20 студенток, не занимающихся в спортивных секциях (контрольная группа). Результаты. Анализ полученных данных выявил фактически равные антропометрические показатели в экспериментальной и контрольной группах обследован ных студенток. При математической обработке результатов функциональных проб установлены статистически значимые отличия между показателями экспериментальной и контрольной групп. Индекс Гарвардского стептеста (ИГСТ) группы легкой атлетики на 21 % превысил этот показатель в группе контроля. Также у легкоатлеток установлено достоверно большее (на 23 %) время задержки дыхания на вдохе. Установлено значимо меньшее время восстановления ЧСС легкоатлеток после 20 приседаний в сравнении с нетренированными. Реакция на ортостаз у спортсменок была удовлетворительной, а у студенток из контрольной группы приблизилась к неудовлетворительной. Выводы. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о высоком уровне физической работоспособности и восстановительных процессов легкоатлеток на предсоревновательном этапе годового тренировочного цикла. Установлено лучшее функциональное состояние сердечнососудистой, ды хательной и вегетососудистой нервной систем спортсменок в сравнении с показателями студенток, не занимающихся спортом. Ключевые слова: функциональная подготовленность, легкая атлетика, студентки Конфликт интересов: авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. Благодарность: авторы выражают благодарность президенту Федерации легкой атлетики Ярославской области Евгению Николае вичу Хрущеву за предоставленную возможность проведения исследований на базе легкоатлетического манежа и стадиона «Шинник» в г. Ярославле.

Objective: to determine a component body composition of students specializing in volleyball and athletics and to conduct a comparative analysis of the results.Materials and methods: the study was conducted at the Department of physical training and sports at the Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The study included students from different groups of physical training: volleyball (10 men and 10 women), athletics (10 women) (experimental groups), and first­year students that attended physical training classes (14 men and 16 women) (control group).Results: significant differences were revealed between the anthropometric measurements in the experimental groups of the studied women and between the results of anthropometric measurements in the female volleyball players, female athletes, and students from the control group. Significant differences were revealed in the component body composition of the studied women from the experimental and control groups. The analysis of the results of anthropometric measurements in the experimental and control groups of men did not reveal any significant differences between the parameters. Bioimpedancemetry revealed significant differences in the composition of the internal milieu of volleyball players in comparison with the control group.Conclusions: 1. differences were revealed in the component composition of the body of female athletes involved in game­based and cyclic kinds of sport as well as in the parameters of bio­impedance of female volleyball players and the control group. Female volleyball players had higher parameters of total body fluids, intracellular and extracellular fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in comparison with female light athletes and the control group. The differences in the obtained results were more significant in the experimental groups. 2. Bio­impendance analysis of men showed significant differences in the component body composition of volleyball players in comparison with untrained students. The parameters of total body fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in sportsmen exceeded the same parameters in the control group. 3. Differences were established in the anthropometric parameters depending on the sport­oriented specialization of female students. Female volleyball players had higher values of mass, length, body weight index, and body surface area, the circumferences of the pelvis, thighs, and wrists in comparison with the results obtained in female light athletes. Similar differences were revealed in the anthropometric parameters of female volleyball players and students from the control group. Significantly lower values of the body weight index, circumference of the chest and pelvis of female athletes were registered in comparison with students from the control group. Male volleyball players did not have significant differences in the anthropometric parameters. They tended to have an increase in the body mass, length and surface area of the body, circumference of the chest, thighs, and wrists.

Abstract. With the beginning of the aging of the population, diseases associated with old age and senility have become a problem for public health worldwide. This process is accompanied by certain physiological changes. Sarcopenia is one of the causes of these changes and is defined as a clinical syndrome associated with age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, function and physical performance. Sarcopenia is officially recognized as a muscular disorder with the diagnostic code ICD‐10‐CM (M62.84) and is associated with various adverse outcomes, including falls, impaired mobility, weakness and death. The present study included 198 elderly male patients aged 61 to 75 years (average 68±3.27 years) suffering from sarcopenia. The patients were divided into groups I and II depending on the method of physical rehabilitation. Physical therapy classes were held for 12 weeks on the basis of the State Medical Institution of the Yaroslavl Regional Gerontological Center. The study participants voluntarily agreed to conduct a comprehensive medical and anthropological examination during 4 control sections, including antropometry, bioimpedance analysis, and hand dynamometry. Based on the data obtained, a computer program "Program for assessing the quality of rehabilitation in patients with progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and muscle strength" was created, and a protocol for the physical rehabilitation of elderly patients with sarcopenia was developed.

Summary is preparing to publish