The aim: To study the effect of arterial hypertension on the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with comorbid pathology.
Materials and methods: The prospective study included 61 patients with COPD: 32 stable male patients with COPD with comorbid arterial hypertension of stage II 1-3 degrees and 29 stable outpatients of men with COPD of clinical groups A-D with impaired respiratory function II-IV according to GOLD. All patients, in accordance with the goals and objectives of the study, were divided into 2 groups: group I consisted of men with isolated COPD, middle age – 56.0 (8.5) years, average duration of the disease – 16.2 (1.3) years, Group II consisted of male patients with COPD and arterial hypertension (AH), middle age – 59.5 (7.5). The patients underwent a general clinical examination, which included an assessment of complaints, anamnestic data, and a physical examination. The severity of COPD was determined on the basis of the frequency of exacerbations during the year, assessment of dyspnea using the mMRS scale, spirographic data. Statistical materials were processed using the STATISTICA 10.0 program.
Results: In group I, 20 patients (69%) complained of dyspnea during exercise, in group II – 25 patients (78%) (p = 0.4), 28 patients (96.5%) complained of cough with vague sputum. group and 30 patients in group II (93.8%) (p = 0.09). When assessing the number of exacerbations over the past year, it was determined that patients with isolated COPD had an average of 1.0 (1.0; 2.0) exacerbations, and patients with COPD and AH – 2.0 (1.0; 3.0 ) (p = 0.06). According to the CAT questionnaire, the following data were obtained: in group I – 9.0 (8.0; 11.0) points, and in group II – 17.5 (10.0; 20.0) points (p = 0.02). When conducting spirographic studies, a statistically significant more expressive bronchial obstruction was found in patients with COPD and comorbid hypertension.
Conclusions: The presence of comorbid arterial hypertension leads to the intermittent effect of diseases: according to the results of mMRC and SAT test, ailments for COPD were examined, they have a more severe course of underlying seizure in the presence of concomitant arterial hypertension. Clinical manifestations in patients with COPD and H are more severe compared to clinical manifestations in patients without aggravated diseases of the cardiovascular system. Concomitant arterial hypertension enhances the manifestations of bronchial obstruction, in the same way as with patients with isolated COPD.
In the current context of higher education reform, there is a redistribution of academic hours, with reduced number of lectures and practical classes and increased workload for students to prepare themselves. In the training of doctors, the practical component of training remains perhaps the most important. The types of educational activities of students according to the curriculum are lectures, practical classes and students’ independent work. The latter occupies an important place in the course of teaching the discipline. In order to encourage students to gain practical experience with the patient, perform scientific work, etc., students should be encouraged to participate in the work of scientific circles at the departments. During the preparation of the meetings of the circle and its conducting, the teacher becomes more familiar with the most active and purposeful students, who seek not only to deepen their knowledge during extracurricular time, but are involved in the implementation of scientific work, participate in the Olympiad, prepare scientific papers for participation in higher education all-Ukrainian competitions of scientific works. The Student Science Circle is a full-fledged, non-classroom method of student’s training. The participation of students in the work of scientific circles promotes research activities, the formation of creative abilities, the increase of general self-esteem and self-realization of students. An important condition for the formation of quality education is the development of a creative component of a specialist with the support of their cognitive activity and independence, which supports professional growth of a future doctor.
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