The results of studies on the influence of AKM plant growth regulator (PGR) on growth, development and yield formation of different sunflower hybrids (Zubr, Odes'kyi 249, Forvard, Yason) in low humidity of the southern Steppe of Ukraine are presented. Presowing treatment of seeds of different sunflower hybrids with AKM plant growth regulator causes an increase in leaf surface area by an average of 7%; increases sunflower plant resistance to abiotic stress and increases productivity by 13-31%.
Modern hybrids of sunflower show a pronounced response to changes in agrometeorological conditions of their growing. The<br />research was carried out during 2013-2015 under conditions of insufficient moisture in the Southern steppe of Ukraine. Field<br />and mathematical-statistical methods were used. A comparative assessment of levels of ecological stability was made for 7<br />sunflower hybrids (the company “Pioneer”). The application of plasticity and stability analysis by the Eberhard-Russell method<br />allows carrying out an integrated assessment of new hybrids in terms of their adaptability to growing conditions and a reaction<br />norm of genotypes to cultivation technology. In the dry steppe zone the sunflower realizes 45% of its genetic yield potential.<br />The highest yield of the studied hybrids was observed in 2013 when, despite the unfavourable hydrothermal index of the year,<br />the minimum relative air humidity during the flowering period was optimal (61.8%). A certain number of genotypes are<br />characterized by the average group value of the plasticity index of yield (i.e. close to 1), namely: PR64LE19, PR64LE71, PR64LE11, PR64A71. Stability ranges from 0.29 in the hybrid PR64LE11 to 32.51 in the hybrid PR64LE19. The hybrids PR64LE71 and PR64LE19 change their ecological plasticity under varying growing conditions. The hybrid PR64F66 is less responsive to varying environments than the whole set of hybrids on average but, compared to others, exhibits average stability. The best results were shown by the hybrids PR64F50 and PR64A89, since they are more sensitive to varying environments and more stable than other hybrids. Growing hybrids of different levels of intensity, genetically and biologically diverse, allows the effective exploitation of agroecological potential of different zones.
Доктор сільськогосподарських наук, професор НДІ Агротехнологій та екології* *Таврійський державний агротехнологічний університет пр. Б. Хмельницького 18, м. Мелітополь, Запорізька обл., Україна, 72312 Запропонована методика визначення узагальненої інтегральної оцінки антиоксидантного статусу плодових овочів на основі методу аналізу ієрархій. Проведено ранжування компонентів антиоксидантної системи захисту тканин плодових овочів. Серед досліджуваних овочів найвищий антиоксидантний статус у плодів перцю, мінімальний у кабачків. Огірки за рахунок потужної системи високомолекулярних антиоксидантів мають вищу інтегральну оцінку, ніж томати Ключові слова: інтегральна оцінка, антиоксиданти, плодові овочі, метод аналізу ієрархій, ранжування Предложена методика определения обобщенной интегральной оценки антиоксидантного статуса плодовых овощей на основе метода анализа иерархий. Проведено ранжирование компонентов антиоксидантной защиты тканей плодовых овощей. Среди исследованных овощей наивысший антиоксидантный статус у плодов перца, минимальный у кабачков. У огурцов за счет мощной системы высокомолекулярных антиоксидантов интегральная оценка выше, чем у томатов Ключевые слова: интегральная оценка, антиоксиданты, плодовые овощи, метод анализа иерархий, ранжирование
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