The management of antithrombotic drugs in the perioperative period requires a multidisciplinary approach with the participation of the operating surgeon, anesthesiologist, and a responsible physician. In the guidelines of the leading specialized associations of France, Italy, Spain, Great Britain, USA, Poland, the recommendations of the European Society of Anesthesiologists, the American College of Thoracic Physicians and other world professional organizations the approaches have been systematized to the management of anticoagulants (vitamin K and direct antagonists, including new oral anticoagulants), the safety of the antiplatelet drugs using in the perioperative period to prevent increased bleeding and minimize thromboembolic complications after invasive procedures in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular events. We have provided algorithms for convenient perception of information and memorization and subsequent implementation them in clinical practice.

Based on the analysis of recent multidisciplinary recommendations from France, Italy, Spain, Great Britain, USA, Poland, the guidelines of the European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, the American College of Chest Physicians, etc. and other world professional organizations, data were systematized on the use of direct and indirect anticoagulants, including new oral anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, in the perioperative period to prevent increased bleeding and minimize thromboembolic complications after invasive procedures. We have also analyzed the regimens of discontinuation and reinitiation of antithrombotic therapy when performing neuraxial procedures, both surgical and diagnostic interventions in patients after a vascular accident. Algorithms for convenient information perception and memorization are presented.

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The clinical manifestations of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) depend on the predominance of the sum of the vectors of hypercoagulation and hyperfibrinolysis and are strongly associated with the underlying disease, against which DIC is formed. The issue of understanding the complex pathogenesis, timely diagnosis of overt DIC and early manifestations of DIC remain an urgent challenge for intensive care physicians and leading specialized societies to study the problems of hemostasis and thrombus formation. This review of the literature analyzes the pathways of DIC development, the current state of the possibility of using diagnostic markers to detect DIC, especially in sepsis. The diagnosis of sepsis-induced coagulopathy against the background of the development of multiple organ failure is highlighted as a separate issue. Diagnostic scales are presented in the form of comparative tables for a more convenient perception of information, memorization and further implementation in clinical practice.

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