The article analyzes the specificities of future teachers` extracurricular activities as a means of forming their professional motivation. The author proves that extracurricular work can be considered as a factor of generating students` primary interest to the future occupation. The variety and complexity of extracurricular activities allow to reveal the diversity of the world, the job, human relationships and lead to increased motivation for getting professional pedagogical knowledge.

The study is devoted to the problem of the increasing the influence of the distance learning format of education on students of different ages. The changes taking place in the modern world influense greatly on modern trends in the development of the education system. It is necessary to pay attention to particularities of person interaction with information and communication technologies, especially in the field of education. The aim of our investigation was to reveal the features of the influence of the distance learning format of education on schoolchildren middle and high school. To achieve this goal, sociological research methods such as questionnaires and interviews were applied. The results allowed us to conclude that younger students have more problems during distance learning such as: understanding new material, deficiency of attention, technical problems with computer, while teenagers and high school students handle with it more effectively. These data results will help modernize the educational process and make distance learning for schoolchildren easier and understandable, espessially for primary school students.

The article deals with the issue of reducing the importance of the Russian language in the world. Culture is the total social experience of humanity, and language is a means of accumulating, storing, and transmitting this social experience, scientific and everyday information. It is a means of objectifying human consciousness, the continuity of generations, and their historical experience. Until 1991, Russian was the universal means of interethnic communication on one-sixth of the land. The refusal to learn the Russian language in some post-Soviet republics has led to a decline and even to a drop in the level of education and culture in general. The research aims to analyze the Russian language position as the core of culture and education in the post-Soviet space as a means of cross-border cooperation, development of education, and dialogue of cultures. The study has been conducted for 10 years in the South-East of Ukraine. It seems to us that the language situation in the Donbas can be projected with some degree of similarity to the entire post-Soviet space. To determine the principle of the state language policy of the post-Soviet republics, we used the analysis of Ukraine’s legal documents in the period from 1991 to 2020. The presence of a common cultural space and language will help preserve peace and prevent war on the Eurasian continent. The common language space contributes to the development of economic, social, educational, and as a result of geopolitical ties.

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