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Capacity of railway blocks and sections is one of the most important parameters of railway transport operation. The purpose of the study is to find a universal parameter of railway blocks and sections capacity that would allow maximum use of the reserves available. This paper proposes to use “partial capacity filling factors”, which are defined as the ratio of the changed capacity factor to the existing value, as a relative indicator. The methodology of application of this indicator has been elaborated, examples of calculations have been provided. There are nomograms in the paper that allow determining the maximum number of trains that can be passed through the section taking into consideration all conditions of operation.

The article looks upon investigation results of efficiency of train movement regulating non-stop systems (including in case of usage of «virtual coupling» of freight trains) as compared to traffic signalization for a rated railway section. The analysis of scientific papers showed that the use of regulation interval systems makes it possible to reduce the estimated value of interval between trains, to increase the line carriage and traffic capacity, which is pertinent for sections with a throughput capacity close to admissible value. A «section carriage capacity» indicator is accepted in this case as a technology effect. When the distance between trains in the interval regulation system is decreased, the existent carriage (expressed in freight train paths) and traffic capacity of the section increase, this resulting in reduction of carriage capacity coefficient. The results of calculations are presented in the form of dependency diagrams of key indicators from the distance between trains in the interval regulation system. The shown dependencies enable determining of efficiency spheres of non-stop regulation system usage as compared to traffic signal systems as well as under conditions of freight train composition and handling according to «virtual coupling» technology.

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At the present stage of development of the railway transport infrastructure, the construction of double-track inserts can be considered as the first stage of strengthening the throughput and carrying capacity before the construction of the second continuous main tracks. In this study, the regulatory documentation that establishes the procedure for calculating and analyzing the capacity of double-track crossings is analyzed, dependent, conditionally independent and unaccounted factors affecting the capacity are classified. As part of the implementation of the project for the development of the Eastern Polygon, a static analysis of the linear parameters of the spans on which double-track inserts are designed is presented. In case of a conditional railway stage with characteristics close to the existing ones, the influence of the average speed of trains on the stage on the available capacity was studied. Graphs of the dependence of these parameters are plotted, and the most probable loss of throughput is determined for different lengths of runs and a given length of a two-track insert. It is established that with decrease in the average speed of trains on the single-track part of the stage, for example, due to the current long-term speed restrictions, there is a sudden decrease in the available capacity, which ultimately leads to the need to design a double-track insert of a longer length and the increase in investment to the development of the stage throughput capacity.