Preincubation of resident macrophages with 25-hydroxycholesterol decreased the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of mRNAs of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1, while 7-ketocholesterol stimulated the expression of the tumor necrosis factor mRNA. Tolerant macrophages characterized by decreased tumor necrosis factor secretion in response to lipopolysaccharide have increased (in comparison with resident macrophages) content of 25-and 27-hydroxycholesterol.

The effects of granulocytic CSF immobilized on polyethylenoxide by nanotechnology on the bone marrow and circulating pools of mesenchymal and hemopoietic precursors were studied. Immobilized granulocytic CSF caused the release of progenitor cells of different classes into the blood. The effect of injected immobilized granulocytic CSF was superior to that of nonconjugated granulocytic CSF. Specific activity of oral immobilized granulocytic CSF after oral administration was demonstrated.

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In the literature devoted to the problems of liver transplantation, there is no clearly indicated attitude of the authors to intraoperative epidural blocks, although theoretically the benefits of a sympathetic block are considered. Some sources recommend prophylactic sodium bicarbonate infusion to alleviate post-reperfusion syndrome, but its effectiveness is questionable.Purpose: to present the physiological, biochemical and hematological characteristics of recipients at the stages of orthotopic liver transplantation with an assessment of the feasibility of using sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of reperfusion complications.Materials and methods. An observational study, contains an analysis of data from 39 participants operated on in 2020 in the volume of: hepatectomy, an orthotopic liver transplantation, with an initial assessment on the Child- Turcott- Pugh scale of 11 points. All participants were operated on under general inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane and thoracic epidural three- component anesthesia according to the Breivik- Niemi method. There are 3 stages of data registration: the beginning of the anhepatic stage; the beginning of the neohepatic stage; the end of the operation.Results and discussion. Significant fluctuations in hemodynamics, violations of the acid-base state and energy metabolism were not revealed; a decrease in hepatic protein synthesis, a shift of the P50 point to the left, and moderate metabolic acidosis did not exceed the levels described in the literature. The dynamics of acidosis, РСО2 and natremia did not depend on the infusion of soda. There was no close correlation between arterial blood pH and lactate concentration.Conclusion. The benefits and safety of epidural anesthesia in orthotopic liver transplants are obvious and make it possible to recommend this component as a routine element of anesthesia during these operations. The indications for sodium bicarbonate infusion should be narrowed and consensus is needed to determine the critical pH value for sodium bicarbonate infusion.

The hemostimulatory effects of granulocytic CSF, immobilized on polyethyleneglycol using radiation synthesis nanotechnology, were studied on the model of cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression. Immobilization of granulocytic CSF led to stimulation of granulomonocytopoiesis by increasing functional activity of granulomonocytic precursors and secretion of humoral factors by elements of hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment, and due to more intensive formation of hemopoietic islets. The granulocytopoiesis-stimulating effect of immobilized granulocytic CSF was comparable to the effect of standard nonconjugated granulocytic CSF. Specific activity of immobilized granulocytic CSF in oral treatment was demonstrated.