АннотацияВ настоящее время онкологические заболевания являются одной из основных причин смертности. Современная противоопухолевая терапия позволяет сохранять жизнь и социальную адаптацию онкологических пациентов в течение многих лет. Однако применение противоопухолевых препаратов ограничено из-за их побочных, в ряде случаев тяжелых кардиотоксических эффектов, таких как ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС), токсическая кардиомиопатия, хроническая сердечная недостаточность (ХСН), артериальная гипертензия и др. Нарушения ритма и проводимости встречаются в среднем у 16-36% пациентов, получающих химиопрепараты, а фибрилляция предсердий (ФП) является одним из наиболее частых аритмогенных проявлений кардиотоксичности. Антрациклины, алкилирующие агенты и моноклональные антитела нарушают работу ионных насосов, способствуют избыточному выходу кальция из саркоплазматического ретикулума, изменению потенциала действия, более быстрому развитию спонтанной диастолической деполяризации и в конечном итоге провоцируют развитие ФП. Некоторые химиопрепараты, в частности антрациклины, ингибиторы тирозинкиназ и гистон деацетилазы, нарушают работу калиевых каналов, что приводит к увеличению потенциала действия и удлинению интервала QT. Данные о влиянии других классов химиопрепаратов на проводящую систему сердца немногочисленны и противоречивы. Нарушения ритма и проводимости, вызванные химиотерапией, могут привести к снижению дозы или отмене противоопухолевых препаратов, требуют тщательного мониторирования и совместного подхода врачей нескольких специальностей к ведению этих пациентов. Ключевые слова:кардиотоксичность, фибрилляция предсердий, синдром удлиненного интервала QT, антрациклины, моноклональные антитела, ингибиторы тирозинкиназ. Конфликт интересов:авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. Прозрачность финансовой деятельности:никто из авторов не имеет финансовой заинтересованности в представленных материалах или методах. Для цитирования: Васюк Ю.А., Шупенина Е.Ю., Новосел Е.О., Агапов И.С. Нарушения ритма и проводимости сердца как проявления кардиотоксичности противоопухолевого лечения -миф или реальность? Сибирский медицинский журнал. 2020;35(1):13-21. https://doi. AbstractOncologic diseases are currently one of the leading causes of death. Modern anticancer therapy allows preserving life and social adaptation of cancer patients for many years. However, the use of anticancer drugs is limited due to their adverse and, 13-21 + Elena Y. Shupenina,
Aim. To assess the effect of azilsartan/chlortalidone and irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide fixed combinations on office, daily peripheral and central blood pressure (BP), daily parameters of aortic stiffness and structural and functional state of the left ventricle in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity.Material and methods. The study included 46 patients with hypertension and obesity aged 35 to 55 years. In the beginning of the study and after 6 months of treatment with azilsartan/chlortalidone (AZL/C) or irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide (IRB/H) all patients underwent a comprehensive clinical and instrumental and laboratory examination, including a general examination with anthropometric measurements, office measurement of BP, electrocardiography, echocardiography, 24-hour BP monitoring with analysis of central BP and the main parameters of aortic stiffness, biochemical blood tests.Results. Long-term use of two fixed combinations of sartan and diuretic was accompanied by a significant decrease of office and daily BP. However, in the AZL/С use, this change was more pronounced than in the IRB/H. Also, in the AZL/H group, a significantly larger number of patients reach a normalization of 24-hour BP profile. Both studied drugs significantly reduced central BP, which indicates their positive effect on aortic stiffness. However, a significant change in the daily pulse wave velocity determined by the Vasotens system was not detected. During therapy, in both groups, a decrease in left ventricular myocardial mass indexed by body surface area was revealed. It was more noticeable in the AZL/H group and when height indexed2,7. In both groups, an insignificant decrease in creatinine level and an increase in glomerular filtration rate, more noticeable with the administration of AZL/H, were noted. There were no significant fluctuations in the level of uric acid and patients with AH and obesity.Conclusion. According to studies, AH in obese patients is less well controlled than in patients with normal body weight. AZL/H and IRB/H are effective and safe drugs for the treatment of AH in obese patients. However, long-term treatment of AZL/H allows reaching a more pronounced decrease in peripheral and central BP, improving the structural and functional state of the left ventricular myocardium in comparison with IRB/H.
A plenty of trials confirm the importance of aortic wall stiffness evaluation during estimation of the cardiovascular risk and the need for novel drugs influencing this parameter. Most of hypotensive medications modify arterial wall siffness by one or another way. So the usage of drug combination might be more effective. Insufficient impact of betaadrenoblockers on central artrial pressure is linked to peripheral vasoconstriction. The drugs within this class having vasodilatory properties significantly reduce central aortic pressure.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex clinical syndrome associated with frequent hospitalizations, high mortality rates, and an absence of proven effective therapy. This type of heart failure is often accompanied by comorbidity that complicate the diagnosis of the underlying disease. The algorithm developed in 2016 does not take into account the heterogeneity of patients and course of HFpEF. Recently, new diagnostic algorithms (H2FPEF, HFA-PEFF) and biomarkers have appeared that allow detecting HFpEF at an early stage, taking into account the pathogenesis, which may contribute to development of new effective treatment methods.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.