The importance of food security in the world countries is explored. The food security of the country is characterized by the stability, efficiency and stability of the agro-industrial complex and its ability to respond promptly to changes in demand and supply in the food market; level of transitional grain stocks; solvency of the population, in order to ensure equal access to food for all segments of the population; reduction of import dependence
The present time is characterized by constant economic, social and cultural, political changes that cover the whole world. In the conditions of globalization there are cardinal shifts in the sphere of international relations and international business, characterized by transformational, modernizing changes, and have a direct impact on the development of economies around the world, including Ukraine. Globalization has also contributed to the formation of a new era-the era of information society. By the transition to the information society, the level of social and economic development is related to the access to information resources. A new economic sector is being created, where intellectual, social and investment capital place an increased role. The aim of the study is to assess the relationship between FDI attraction in Ukraine and its main macroeconomic indicators in the context of socioeconomic development of business and globalization. The novelty is the substantiation of the directions of attraction of investments in the economy of Ukraine. The study is based on the analyzed macroeconomic indicators for the period 1998-2018, which made it possible to select those that have the greatest impact on FDI. The method of modeling economic processes is used to identify the effect of global influence on attracting foreign investment as a socioeconomic component of strategic business development in the economy of Ukraine. The results of the simulation showed: achieving a high level of dynamics of FDI attraction in Ukraine in recent years; the existence of a strong link between FDI and foreign trade.
The dominant concept of sustainable development in the modern world, which provides for the harmonization of economic, social and environmental components, raises the issue of rational use of all types of natural resources and environmental com-ponents. In this context, the issues of rational water use need special attention for Ukraine. This attention is due to a combina-tion of two aspects: on the one hand, water resources are widely used in social production and to meet the household needs of the population, and on the other -Ukraine is characterized by low water resources potential. The purpose of this study is to con-sider the current state of water use in Ukraine from the standpoint of the concept of sustainable development.The paper finds that the dynamics of intake, use and sewerage over the past thirty years is characterized by a general downward trend, which indicates the presence of positive changes in the fieldof water use in Ukraine. The general tendency to reduce water intake is described by the power function, which indicates that the elasticity of water intake from natural objects over time is -0.68%. The study assessed the effectiveness of water resources through the water content of GDP found that for the production of products worth a thousand dollars in Ukraine in 2019 consumed an average of 18.9 m3of water, which far exceeds the characteristics of most economically and technologically advanced countries. In the work on the basis of stochastic factor analysis the model of volumes of return water discharge is calculated, which shows that an increase of one percent of the population leads to an increase in return water discharge by 1.17%, and a percentage increase in industrial production will increase the return discharge by 0.65%.The performed analysis allows us to state that the general efforts in the field of water consumption in Ukraine have a positive vector of orientation, but in the absence of a radical change in the technological base of national production to achieve the goals of sustainable development will not succeed
Одна з цілей державної екологічної політики передбачає зниження екологічних ризиків для екосистем та здоров’я населення до соціально прийнятного рівня, що можливо досягти, зокрема й через покращення якості ґрунтів та підвищення їхньої родючості. Тому проблема раціонального використання земельних ресурсів є актуальною та потребує нових підходів, інструментів для вирішення певних завдань з огляду на потреби сьогодення. Першопричинами екологічних проблем України є: підпорядкованість екологічних пріоритетів економічній доцільності, неврахування екологічних наслідків під час прийняття рішень; недосконала структура економіки з переважаючою часткою ресурсо- та енергоємних галузей, негативний вплив якої був посилений переходом до ринкових умов; зношеність основних засобів промислової і транспортної інфраструктури та об’єктів житлово-комунального господарства; неефективна система державного управління у сфері охорони навколишнього природного середовища, моніторингу його стану, регулювання використання природних ресурсів та забезпечення екологічної безпеки; низький рівень розуміння в суспільстві пріоритетів збереження навколишнього природного середовища та переваг сталого розвитку, недосконалість системи екологічної освіти; незадовільний рівень дотримання природоохоронного законодавства та екологічних прав і обов’язків громадян.
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