Relevance. The modern approach to prognostication of the course of renal carcinoma requires identification of the biological markers, which determine the key properties of the tumor in particular cases. The purpose of this study is to clarify the nature of expression of the molecules connected with the phenotype of the cancer stem cell (CD133, N-cadherin), TGF-α growth factor for tubular epithelium, and carboanhydrase IX (CA-IX) - one of the key molecules connected with VHL by the molecular way of carcinogenesis in cases of renal cancer. Materials and methods. We studied 61 observations of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The immunohystochemical examination was based on a panel of antibodies, which included antibodies to TGF-α (Аbcam), N-cadgerin (M3613 clone; Dako), CD133 (Prominin-1, Biorbyt), carboanhydrase IX (CAIX; NCL-L-CAIX, Leica Biosystems). The degree of the markers' expression was evaluated by a semiquantitative method depending on the content of the positive-reaction cells in the tumor. The differences between the compared groups were identified through the use of the Mann-Whitney U test and the chi-squared test. Results. Expression of TGF-α was found in 36 observations (59%) of RCC. TGF-α was most frequently present in the papillary (100%) and the clear-cell (55.9%) versions, and only rarely in chromophobic carcinoma (23.1%). A connection was found between the expression level of this marker and the neoplastic differentiation degree (p < 0.05). Expression of N-cadgerin was met in 38 observations (62.3%), CD133 occurred in 37 observations of renal carcinoma (60.6%). N-cadgerin and CD133 were found in the clear-cell and the papillary versions of RCC. There was a connection between the expression of N-cadgerin in the tumor and its invasive potential (p < 0.05). A higher occurrence rate of CD133 expression was recorded in the patients with metastatic forms of RCC, and also in cases of sarcomatoid transformation of the tumor (p < 0.05). Expression of carboanhydrase IX (CA-IX) occurred in 35 observations (57.4%). It was found in the clear-cell version of RCC. In cases of symptomatic RCC, expression of CA-IX was more frequently met (p < 0.05). There was a consistent association between the expression of CA-IX and the tumor size, stage and invasive potential. (For citation: Pasechnik DG, Kogan MI, Akhokhov ZM. The features of expression and prognostic significance of the peptide molecules connected with the key properties of renal cell carcinoma. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2017;7(4):5-16. doi: 10.17816/uroved745-16).

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A clinical case of treatment of a 32-year-old patient with an adrenocortical tumor of the right adrenal gland is described. When applying to the clinic, the patient was complaining about moderate pain in the right lumbar region, the general condition of the patient was estimated as satisfactory. The patient was of normosthenic constitution, had no bad habits, preoperative general and biochemical blood counts, including the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, aldosterone, direct renin, metanephrine, normetanephrine were within normal parameters. The patient underwent laparoscopic lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy on the right in the position on the left side using 4 trocars. The condition of the patient was satisfactory, he was released from the hospital on the 3rd day after surgery.

Введение. Эпидемиологическими исследованиями отмечен прогрессивный рост заболеваемости почечно-клеточным раком (ПКР). Не смотря на улучшение лучевой диагностики ПКР, количество пер-вично метастатических форм и количество вторично прогрессивных форм после радикального хирур-гического лечения остается довольно высоким, без явной тенденции снижения. Это может быть связа-но с изменением биологии самого ПКР, выражающейся в повышении агрессивности опухолевой ткани. Однако исследований по изменению биологических характеристик опухолей в течение длительного периода времени очень мало.Цель исследования. Оценить и сравнить профили больных ПКР, морфологические характеристики опухолей почек, варианты хирургического лечения и его результаты в двух последовательных декадах.Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 306 оперированных и мониторированных боль-ных ПКР. Пациенты разделены на две группы: 1 группа -149 больных, пролеченных с 1996 по 2005 г. и 2 группа -157 больных, пролеченных с 2006 оп 2015 гг. В группах анализированы профили больных и морфологические характеристики опухолей.Результаты. У пациентов 2 группы опухоли >4 см характеризовались более низкой степенью диф-ференцировки ткани (G2-G3) в сравнении с аналогичными по размерам опухолями 1 группы (54,54% против 48,57%) и стадией Т3а (60% против 42,26%). Аналогичная разница отмечена для опухолей раз-мерами 4-7 см (G2-G3 -67.69% против 57,75%; Т3а -79,54% против 32,15%). Опухоли 2 группы в ста-диях Т1а, Т1b, Т2 и Т3а реже имели высокую степень дифференцировки (G1) в сравнении с опухолями аналогичных стадий 1 группы (52,17% против 59,26%, 35,71% против 58,06%, 11,11% против 18,75% и 12,12% против 28%, соответственно). Во 2 группе чаще, чем в 1 группе, отмечалось регионарное и от-даленное метастазирование (34,6% против 20,33%). Выживаемость во 2 группе снизилась в сравнении с 1 группой (3-летняя: общая -78,37% против 83,02%, онкоспецифическая -81,43% против 87,15%; 5-летняя: общая -73,86% против 79,21%, онкоспецифическая -78,69% против 83,91%).Выводы. Проведенный сравнительный анализ показал увеличение агрессивного потенциала опу-холей во 2 группе в сравнении с 1 группой.Ключевые слова: почечно-клеточный рак, размеры опухолей, стадия, дифференцировка, морфо-логический вариант, выживаемость. 21ВЕСТНИК УРОЛОГИИ  UROLOGY HERALD Introduction. Epidemiological studies noted a progressive increase in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite the improvement in radiation diagnosis of RCC, the number of primary metastatic forms and number of secondary progressive forms after radical surgical treatment remains high with no apparent downward trend. This may be due to changes in the biology of RCC, which is expressed in the increasing aggressiveness of the tumor tissue. However, studies on the biological characteristics of the change in tumor for a long period of time is very small.Objective. To evaluate and compare the profiles of patients with RCC, the morphological characteristics of renal tumors, the options for surgical treatment and its results in two consecuti...