The studies were conducted at the experimental base of the Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture in 1996-2014 to adapt fertilizer systems and basic tillage to achieve yields of 3-5 t/ha. The article cited data on winter wheatthe second crop of the third rotation of the eight-field grain-grass-crop rotation for 2013-2014. We studied the effect of organomineral, organic, mineral fertilizer systems on the winter wheat yield using a differentiated approach to their use in combination with different primary tillage systems (dump plowing to the depth of the arable layer, multi-depth loosening and loosening to a depth of 15-16). The organomineral fertilizer system differed with the saturation with organic fertilizers of 7 t/ha of arable land per year + N36P32K60 according to the balance sheet for receiving 4 t/ha of grain with spring fertilizing using ammonium nitrate, where the yield was 4. 03 t/ha, and the saving on mineral fertilizers, depending on crop rotation and soil saturation with organic matter, was 25-35 %. The yield of winter wheat by the water-saving technology amounted to 4.03 t/ha with a planned level of 4.0 t/ha. At the same time, at the purchase price of 7 rubles/kg, the level of profitability rose to 195.85 %, the cost of 1 center of grain amounted to 236.6 rubles.

The efficiency of Bioplant Flora fertilizer was experimentally proved in increasing the winter wheat productivity of Kazanskaya 560 in the conditions of Middle Volga region. The research was carried out in 2009–2012 years on stationary experiments of Agriculture and agrochemical research Department of the Tatar Scientific Institute of Agriculture in accordance with generally accepted methods. The soil is gray forest, the humus content is 3.0-3.5%, phosphorus and potassium - 250-260 and 80-100 mg/kg, respectively, the amount of absorbed bases is 20-21 mg-eq/100 g, рНсол of arable layer is 5.0 and 5.5. The studies were conducted to study the responsiveness of winter wheat of Kazanskaya 560 variety to the humate fertilizer Bioplant Flora. Bioplant Flora is the newest, nanotechnological fertilizer based on humic acids with trace elements, which was used as a foliar application in autumn based on 2 litres per hectare against the background of the main fertilizer, calculated for N22Р39К62 4 tons per hectare of grain. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Bioplant Flora at a dose of 0.5 litre per hectare of seeds was used against the background of N22Р39К62 4 tons per hectare of grain. Plant nutrition with Bioplant Flora fertilizer stimulated the growth and development of plants that effectively used nutrients from the soil to increase grain yield. The optimal term for treatment of winter wheat by Bioplant Flora is autumn application for seedlings based on 2 litres per hectare. At the same time, the productivity increased by 0.46-0.53 tons per hectare, depending on the application of Bioplant Flora. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds by Bioplant Flora based on 0.5 litres per ton of seeds against the background of the main fertilizer for 4 tons per hectare of grain, on average for 2010-2012, provided a productivity increase of 0.21 tons per hectare. Against this background, the autumn treatment by Bioplant Flora allowed to increase the productivity to 0.15 tons per hectare, compared to the sample without fertilizers. At the same time, the average for 2010-2012 the profit was obtained - 11981 rubles per hectare, the cost of grain amounted to 3596.0 rubles per ton, the profitability of production - 94.6%.

Complex studies were carried out in eight-field cereal-steam and grain-steamed crop rotations with the use of the following factors: precursors, fertilizer systems calculated for 4 and 5 tons of grain per hectare, plant protection and basic tillage methods. Scientific novelty - for the first time on the gray forest soils of Kama, adaptive moisture saving technologies have been developed and the agroeconomic substantiation of the effect of their integrated application on the productivity of spring wheat and reproduction of soil fertility has been given. The aftereffect of various types of organic fertilizers on the productivity of spring wheat and soil fertility under systemic application in crop rotations has been experimentally substantiated. The best precursors of spring wheat turned out to be alfalfa of 3 years of use, winter rye for the sideral sweet and manured fallows. Not bad predecessors are fertilized with organic fertilizers corn and winter wheat placed after the sideral fallow. Effective use of the organomineral fertilizer system in crop rotations, at which the productivity of the cultivated crop increases by 10-11 centners per hectare compared to the background without fertilizers, the supply of nutrients to the elements improves, during which the content exceeds the control by 1.3-1.4 times. The increment of yields from plant protection is in the range 0.2-0.45 ton per hectare, depending on the nutrition background and the protection methods. At the same time, the greatest increase from integrated protection, taking into account economic threshold of damage, is achieved against the background of the organomineral system of fertilizers, the smallest increase - against a background without fertilizers. Among basic soil cultivation methods, it is advisable to loosen without turning the seam to a depth of 15-16 cm, which increases the productivity, provides fuel and energy savings of up to 40%, accumulates and stores 10 to 20% more productive moisture in the meter soil layer than dump plowing. Complex application of adaptive methods on the basis of fructification using the organomineral fertilizer system raises productivity by 1.5-2 times, profitability of production by 43 -98%, reduces the cost of grain by 20-35%.

Реферат. Комплексные исследования вели в восьмипольных зернопаротравяном и зернопаро-пропашном севооборотах с применением следующих факторов: системы удобрений, защиты рас-тений, способов основной обработки почвы и пластичных сортов. Научная новизна заключается в том, что впервые в лесостепи Поволжья, на системной основе, на базе плодосменных севообо-ротов разработаны ресурсосберегающие технологии в экологически сбалансированной, биологи-зированной системе земледелия. Агроэкологические принципы сохранения и воспроизводства плодородия серых лесных почв и получения планируемого урожая высокого качества. Экспери-ментальное обоснование роли действия и взаимодействия основных факторов сберегающей тех-нологии в повышении урожайности культур севооборотов, продуктивности пашни и плодородия почв. Агроэкономическая оценка эффективности ресурсосберегающей технологии. Севооборо-ты с посевами бобовых культур и многолетних бобовых трав повышают продуктивность пашни на 15-20%, обеспечивают положительный баланс гумуса( 0,45-0,5 т/га). Органоминеральная си-стема удобрений снижает потребность в минеральных удобрениях в 2-3 раза, обеспечивает полу-чение запланированных урожаев высокого качества и воспроизводство плодородия почв. Инте-грированная система защиты растений, с использованием биологических средств и методов, обеспечивает экономию средств защиты растении на 30-35%, повышает урожайность на 15-25%. Влагоресурсосберегающий режим обработки почвы (мульчирующее разноглубинное рыхление без оборота пласты) позволяет экономить 25-35% ГСМ и снизить потери влаги на 35-40%. Ком-плексное применение указанных факторов с использованием высокоурожайных пластичных сор-тов делает технологию ресурсосберегающей, повышающей урожайность возделываемых культур и продуктивность пашни в 1,5-2 раза, рентабельность производства на 30-50% и обеспечивающей воспроизводство плодородия почв.Ключевые слова: севооборот, удобрения, урожайность, вспашка, рентабельность, продуктив-ность пашни.