32Оригинальная статья ние специфической профилактики рахита не рекомендо-валось ввиду «достаточной» инсоляции в этот период года. Пасмурное лето, особенно в северных регионах страны, могло стать показанием к проведению специфической про-филактики и в летние месяцы. При наличии факторов риска (дети, родившиеся от женщин с акушерской и хронической экстрагенитальной патологией, с синдромом мальабсорб-ции, врожденной патологией гепатобилиарной системы, часто болеющие, из двоен, от повторных родов с малы-ми промежутками между ними, на раннем искусственном несбалансированном вскармливании, получающие проти-восудорожную терапию) суточную дозу витамина D реко-мендовано было увеличить до 1000-1500 МЕ в те же сроки и сезоны года (осень, зима и весна, с 3-4-й нед жизни). Для лечения рахита предлагали использовать лечебные дозы витамина D, которые в 4-10 раз превышали профилактиче-ские: 2000-5000 ME/сут в течение 30-45 сут. После дости-жения терапевтического эффекта лечебную дозу витами-на D заменяли профилактической, которую ребенок должен был получать ежедневно, в течение первых 2 лет и в зимний период на 3-м году жизни. Однако в настоящее время пас-мурное лето, проживание в экологически неблагоприятном регионе, северных областях России и недостаточное пребы-вание на солнце могут стать показанием к отказу от летнего перерыва и назначения профилактической дозы витами-на D (500 МЕ) и в летние месяцы.Как на самом деле обстоит дело с профилактическим назначением витамина D у детей в России, точно оце-нить невозможно. Работы, посвященные изучению статуса витамина D у российских детей в зависимости от региона проживания и времени года, возраста и вида вскармлива-ния на первом году жизни, отсутствуют. Назрела необходи-мость создания новых национальных рекомендаций, отра-жающих современные подходы к профилактике и лечению недостаточности витамина D у детей.Кафедрой педиатрии Российской медицинской ака-демии последипломного образования (Москва) в 2013 г. было организовано и проведено фармакоэпидемиологи-ческое исследование РОДНИЧОК (исследование по оцен-ке обеспеченности детского населения младшей воз-растной группы витамином D в Российской Федерации и анализ фармакотерапии недостаточности витамина D в широкой клинической практике), целью которого было изучить обеспеченность витамином D детского населения младшей возрастной группы и адекватность фармакоте-рапии/профилактики недостаточности витамина D в раз-личных регионах Российской Федерации. МЕТОДЫ План (дизайн) исследованияМультицентровое проспективное когортное исследование. Критерии соответствияОтбор детей осуществлялся по очередности поступле-ния в лечебно-профилактические учреждения на основа-нии следующих критериев включения:• возраст от 1 мес до 3 лет; • дети без органической патологии и генетических син-дромов; • постоянные жители регионов, участвующих в проекте.В исследование не включали детей с установленным диа-гнозом рахита, нарушением печеночной и почечной функции (желтуха, диарея), нарушением психического развития. Условия проведенияДля формирования репрезентативно...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in most cases is asymptomatic or mild, and its most severe late complication is multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The aim of the study is to find clinical, laboratory and instrumental characteristics, description of therapeutic tactics, including determination of the profile of patients requiring Tocilizumab prescription and the outcomes of MIS-C associated with COVID-19. Materials and methods of research: 245 children aged 3 months – 17 years old were included in the pilot prospective multicenter open-label comparative study with MIS-C associated with COVID-19, verified based on CDC criteria (2020). Results: the median age of patients was 8 [5; 10] years, boys predominated among the patients (57.1%); MIS-C manifested itself as a combination of the symptom complex of Kawasaki disease (KD, 53.1% of patients), more often of atypical form, cardiovascular (66.1%), gastrointestinal (61.2%), neurological (27.3%) symptoms and signs of detection of the urinary (29.4%) and respiratory (19.6%) systems; macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) was diagnosed in 19.5% of patients. Therapy included glucocorticosteroids (97.6%), antibiotics (95.5%), anticoagulants (93.9%), intravenous immunoglobulin (34.7%), vasoactive/vasopressor support (31.8%), Tocilizumab (15.1%), mechanical ventilation (2.4%), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (0.4%). Patients receiving Tocilizumab, statistically significantly more often compared with patients without this therapy, were in the intensive care unit (ICU, 86.5% versus 40.9%, p<0.001), more often required vasopressor therapy (70.3% versus 25%, p<0.001), had statistically significantly higher markers of laboratory inflammatory activity. Treatment in 47.8% of cases was carried out in an ICU; one child has died. In 4.1%, according to echocardiography, coronaritis, ectasia of the coronary arteries without the formation of persistent aneurysms were detected. Conclusion: MIS-C associated with COVID-19 has clinical signs of KD, often of the incomplete form, accompanied by arterial hypotension/shock, MAS, which requires intensive therapy, and the prescription of Tocilizumab.
Aim: to assess the rate of growth and metabolic activity of gut microbiota in infants who experienced bowel resection within the first year of life and received specialized nutrition with extensive hydrolyzed whey proteins with medium-chain triglycerides and nucleotides. Patients and Methods: prospective cohort study was conducted in two groups of infants. The study group included 37 infants with partial bowel resection within the first months of life. The control group included 75 healthy infants. Postoperatively, study group children were bottle-fed and received an infant formula (extensive hydrolized whey proteins with medium-chain triglycerides) till the age of 12 months. Some control group children were breast-fed while control group children on a mixed or formula feeding. In all children, antenatal and perinatal anamnesis and physical development within the first year of life were assessed. Additionally, the amounts of short-chain fatty acids in the stool were evaluated. Results: the rate of growth in infants who experienced bowel surgery was similar to that of healthy infants within the first year of life. By the age of 12 months, steady increase in the proportion of infants with average weight (SD -1 to +1) and significant reduction in the proportion of infants with low weight (SD -1 to -2) were reported. A group of overweight infants (SD +1 to +2) emerged since the age of 6 months. The specifics of metabolic activity of gut microbiota in children after surgery were a significant increase in propionic acid amount in the stool and a trend to an increase in anaerobic index by the age of 12 months. Conclusions: this growth pattern illustrates an adequate nutrition during the recovery of bowel functional activity and its ability to absorb and to uptake nutrients. KEYWORDS: infants, specialized nutrition, physical development rate, bowel metabolic activity. FOR CITATION: Vakhlova I.V., Fedotova G.V., Boronina L.G., Samatova E.V. Physical development and of gut microbiota in infants who experienced bowel resection within the first year of life. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(2):155–161. DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2021-4-2-155-161.
The article presents modern approaches to the use of balanced formulas for nutrition and diet correction in children with various forms of food allergies. The guidelines are based on all available up to date evidence on the efficacy, safety and utility of using such innovative medical technology as specialized amino acid formulas. This formula is the targeted medical intervention for food allergies and confirmed cow's milk protein allergy, and particularly for patients with reduced physical growth and development (growth rates included). The material is based on methodological guidelines on the amino acid formulas usage previously developed by specialist experts of the Union of pediatricians of Russia in 2020.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.