The article discusses the problematic issues of medical support of naval aviation: in the organizational and staff structure of the medical service, in the field of material support of the medical service units, medical and psychological rehabilitation of the flight personnel, in the field of social protection of aviation medicine specialists of the Navy. The authors suggested ways to solve these problems. Necessity of centralization and effective quantitative and qualitative optimization of the medical personnel who provide medical support for naval aviation is noted. Attention is paid to the developing of a system for training medical personnel providing flights, as well as the creation of conditions that guarantee high-quality medical and psychological rehabilitation of flight personnel. Introduction of modern technologies and equipment into practice of aviation medicine of the Navy, construction and implementation of total renovation and external repairs of buildings of medical units is considered to be an important independent direction in the development of the medical support system for naval aviation. The authors emphasize the expediency of the improving the regulatory framework aimed at ensuring the social protection of aviation medical personnel of the Navy. Development of the medical support system for naval aviation for the period up to 2025 is proposed to be implemented by the stages: the first stage (2018-2020), the second stage (2019-2025). General and particular indicators of effectiveness of package of measures aimed to improve the system of medical support of naval aviation are formulated.

Relevance. The Navy of Russia and the Ground Forces of Russia recieve new kinds of weapons, hence high requirements to the somatic and mental health of the conscripts.Intention: To analyze morbidity in conscripts of the Russian Navy and the Ground Forces in 2003–2018. Methodology. A selective statistical analysis was performed using medical reports on the state of health of personnel and activities of the medical service according to Form 3 / MED in military units, in which about 60 % of the total number of conscripts of the Armed Forces of Russia served in 2003–2018. Commonly accepted medical and statistical morbidity indicators were analyzed by disease categories of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health Problems, 10th revision.Results and Discussion. The average annual morbidity rates were (1833.3 ± 84.9) ‰ in conscripts of the Russian Navy and (2008.,0 ± 102.4) ‰ in conscripts of the Russian Ground Forces; primary morbidity rates were (1019.9 ± 54,8) and (1014.0 ± 79.2) ‰, respectively; the need for case follow up was (166.5 ± 19.0) and (128.2 ± 8.1) ‰, respectively; hospital admissions were (968.5 ± 71.3) and (1033.5 ± 89.6) ‰, respectively; work days lost (13,166 ± 7.99) and (11,104 ± 595) ‰, respectively (p < 0.01); dismissal rates were (33.38 ± 1.79) and (18.28 ± 1.66) ‰, respectively; mortality rates were (24.87 ± 5.12) and (50.67 ± 7.84) per 100 thou sand conscripts of the respective cohort (p < 0.05). With determination coefficients of various significance, the polynomial trends show an increase in primary and general morbidity, hospital admissions and work days lost, as well as decrease in dismissal rates and mortality rates. The trends in almost all morbidity types are moderately and statistically significantly consistent, suggesting the influence of uniderectional factors, for example, military professional ones. There is a functional consistency between mortality trends in Russian male population aged 20–24 and conscripts of the Russian Navy and Ground Forces (r = 0.83 and 0.87; p < 0.001), thus suggesting the influence of uniderectional factors, for example, of macro social, behavioural or other nature. In the co horts of conscripts under study, the leading disease categories from military epidemiological point of view were similar: respiratory diseases (ICD 10 category X) ranked 1st; injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (XIX) ranked 2nd; mental and behavioural disorders (V) ranked 3rd; diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (XII) ranked 4th; diseases of the digestive system (XI) ranked 5th. In conscripts, the leading diseases from military epidemiological point of view were as follows: acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract (J00–J06 by ICD 10); head injuries (S00–S09); injuries to unspecified part of trunk, limb or body region (T00–T07); diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20–К31). In the Navy conscripts, neurotic and stress related and somatoform disorders (F40–F48) played an important role; in conscripts of the Ground Forces, infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00–L08).Conclusion. Prevention, timely treatment and rehabilitation will help improve the health status of conscripts. Taking into account the rates and structure of morbidity will optimize allocation of resources the medical service of the Armed Forces of Russia.

Purpose. Against the background of new coronavirus disease COVID-19 and increasing cases of infection of the personnel of naval ships and vessels of NATO countries, leadership of great maritime powers has to initiate the correction of naval policy and its adaptation to contemporary conditions, seeks an increasing sustainability of naval structures to future epidemic risks and intends to minimize the effects of quarantine restrictions.Materials and methods. Aspects of work of commanding officers and captains of vessels (officials) aimed at prevention of introducing and spread of actual infection at two stages of epidemic prevention measures were examined: 1) in the pre-voyage preparation period; 2) when performing sea duties, in the case of appearance of a crew member suspicious for infection with a novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 on board ship.Results and discussion. The experience of the Russian Navy in the implementation of organizational, educational, epidemic prevention and control measures was presented. It allowed to confine the actual disease on ships.

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