No abstract

Changes in the structure and cell composition of carinal lymph nodes were studied in humans during aging. Replacement of node parenchyma with fibrous connective tissue progressing with age was demonstrated. The medullary matter significantly prevailed over the cortical substance. The lymph nodes in the cortical substance were small and had no light centers; the concentration of mature CD20 B cells was high; the paracortical area was fragmented and thinned and contained no CD4 T helpers. Ki-67 cells were absent in all structural components of the lymph nodes reflecting exhaustion of lymphopoietic function, which was determined by the replacement of the reticular tissue of the microenvironment with the connective tissue and by the absence of CD4 T cells regulating cellular and humoral immunity. The disintegration of the reticular stroma in the sinus system that acts as a biological filter impairs the function of lymph purification.

Резюме. Проведенный в Уральском государственном медицинском университете круглый стол (октябрь, 2016) показал необходимость адаптации процесса подготовки научно-педагогических кадров высшей квалификации к требованиям новых образовательных стандартов. Актуальным является не только дальнейшее развитие фундаментальных исследований в области гистологии, клеточной биологии и эмбриологии, и внедрение их в образовательной процесс, но и активное привлечение студентов к научно-исследовательской работе, проводимой кафедральными коллективами. В соответствии с современными тенденциями развития науки в России и за рубежом следует расширить изучение вопросов гистогенеза, реактивности и регенерации тканей с целью разработки и обоснования возможных отклонений в течении основных гистогенетических закономерностей. Также необходимо восстановить систему непрерывной профессиональной подготовки и переподготовки педагогических кадров по гистологии, эмбриологии, цитологии на базе ведущих вузов Российской Федерации.Ключевые слова: гистология, подготовка научно-педагогических кадров, последипломное обучение Summary. A round table held in the Ural State Medical University (October, 2016) showed the need to adapt the process of training highly qualified scientific and pedagogical personnel to the requirements of new educational standards. Not only the further development of basic research in the field of histology, cell biology and embryology, but also their introduction into the educational process, but also the active involvement of students in the research work carried out by the teaching team of departments is topical. In accordance with the current trends in the development of science in Russia and abroad, it is necessary to expand the study of histogenesis, reactivity and tissue regeneration in order to develop and substantiate possible deviations during the main histogenetic regularities. It is also necessary to restore the system of continuous professional training and retraining of teaching staff in histology, embryology, cytology on the basis of leading universities of the Russian Federation.

Changes of structure and cell ratios of different functional zones in the thymus under conditions of long-term dimethylsulfate administration at 0.1 and 2.0 mg/m 3 on the organism are studied morphometrically on histological preparations from Wistar rats. Cyclic reactions of the thymus to the toxic substance are found to be due to compensatory processes. It is shown that the nature of the reaction does not depend on the concentration of toxic substance but that the extent of changes is a function of the dimethylsulfate concentration.