Aim. Description of the method to calculate the population incidence of age- and sex-dependent multifactorial diseases. Methods. For the analysis, we used statistical material of psychiatric hospitals in the Kharkiv region for 2016. Calculation of the population frequency was carrying out according to the methodology used in demographic studies. Results. In medical genetics, population frequency is mainly used for prognostic purposes to assess the genetic load of a population or to calculate the probability to inherit a disease. Evaluation of the population frequency of multifactorial disease is complicated by varying age of onset, differential survival, different thresholds of hereditary predisposition for men and women. Prevalence, which is often used instead population frequency, is not a gene pool characteristic and is not useful for genetic analysis and risk assessment. The population frequency, calculated for affective disorders by the proposed method (0.184%), is 1.33 times higher than the prevalence rate (0.138%), that is, a third of cases when using the prevalence turns out to be lost that distorts the derived genetic indicators. Conclusions. For the correct evaluation of the population frequency, the age-specific incidence for two sexes separately must be estimated, followed by the calculation of the cumulative frequencies. Keywords: multifactorial diseases, prevalence, morbidity, population frequency.

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Aim. The population of the world has a complex hierarchical population structure. At the heart of this hierarchy are elementary populations. Methods. Using the quasigenetic marker – surnames – the genetic indices of the population of the Chernihiv region of the rayon and oblast levels were obtained, comparing them with similar indices of the populations of the Poltava (central) and Odessa (borderline) populations. Results. The Chernihiv region is borderline, but the base indicator is an index of isonomy higher (I = 4.57 × 10-4) than in the border region of Odessa, and also more than in the central - Poltava population. The index of inbreeding in the Chernihiv population is Fst = 11.43 × 10-5. The indicator of migration efficiency was v = 17.37 × 10-4 and occupies an intermediate position between the Poltava and Odessa populations. The value of the index H as a whole for the region is 13.24, the index of redundancy of the distribution of names is R = 34.67. Conclusions. The study complements the picture of genetic peculiarity of Ukrainian populations. The genetic characteristics of the Chernihiv population, its difference from the previously studied central Poltava and border area of Odessa, are explained by the peculiarity of the location of the Chernihiv region, the features of the landscape, the other ethnic and civic belonging of the geographically contacting peoples. Keywords: quasigenetic markers, population, isonymy, inbreeding, migration.

Adiponectin, also known as ACRP30, GBP28 and AdipoQ, is a hormone that is exclusively secreted by adipocytes. For the last several years, he has been paying particular attention to the potential role in the genesis of diabetes. The anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing properties of this hormone, its ability to modulate glucose homeostasis and the metabolism of high-density lipoproteins have been proven.

Харківська медична академія післядипломної освіти *ДУ "Інститут проблем ендокринної патології ім. В.Я. Данилевського НАМН України", Харків **Інститут охорони здоров'я та довкілля, Білтховен (Нідерланди)