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Introduction. An increase in patients with diabetes and a large number of amputations of limbs make the search for new treatments for these patients. Materials and methods. The study included 17 patients with complicated forms of diabetes. Patients were studied in the bone marrow immediately after surgery - the amputation of the limb. The number of hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells using specific markers were determined in the laboratory. The immunohistochemical characteristics of bone marrow were carried out for all samples. Results and conclusion. The obtained results indicate the biological value of bone marrow removed with amputation of the lower limb of the patient with complicated diabetes mellitus. The ease of obtaining bone marrow makes the procedure approachable in surgical practice. The presence of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells provides the opportunity to use them in autologous cell therapy for patient.

The bone marrow is a “niche” for stem cells; determining the bone marrow pH value is of great importance. It is very difficult, almost impossible, to carry out the intravital determination of pH. In surgical practice, there are situations when doctors have no way to save the patient's lower limb because of the threat to life. In such cases, it is possible to extract the bone marrow from the bone marrow cavity of the amputated femur and examine it. The purpose of this research was to study the acid-base balance peculiarities of the marrow of long bones and carry out a comparative analysis of the obtained data and the indicators of flat bones. The study included 40 test samples of bone marrow. Lower limb amputations were performed because of foot gangrene. Bone marrow was extracted from the femur. The marrow of flat bones was obtained by a sternal puncture. In the pH test of the sternal puncture, the data varied within the range of the blood pH, i.e., between 7.35-7.45 and 7.8. The pH and gas composition data of the sternal puncture were identical to the blood indicators. The data of bone marrow obtained from the long bone was completely different. The acid-base balance strictly ranged from 6.7 to 6.9.

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